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Merovingians Neustria Austrasia
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629-38 Reign of Merovingian king Dagobert.
Mayor of palace is Pippin of Landen, progenitor of Pippinids 687 Pippin II (d. 714) unites Merovingian kingdoms 714 Charles Martel becomes mayor of palace 732/33 Charles Martel (first of Carolingians) defeats Muslims at Tours/Poitiers
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720-37 Reign of Merovingian king Theuderic IV
739 Pope Gregory III (p ) appeals to Charles Martel for aid against Lombards Reign of Merovingian king Childeric III 751 Pippin the Short deposes Childeric, becomes king 755 Pippin defeats Lombards, establishes Papal States Donation of Constantine
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768 Death of Pippin the Short. Succeeded by
Charles (Charlemagne) and Carloman 771 Death of Carloman. Charlemagne becomes sole king of Franks 773 Charlemagne defeats Lombards, puts King Desiderius in a monastery and becomes King of Lombards 780 Charlemagne has son (Pippin) crowned King of Italy
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772-804 Charlemagne suppresses and converts
Saxons 778 Charlemagne’s expedition to Spain, fighting Basques Song of Roland 785 Conversion of Widukind, Saxon leader
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margrave (markgraf) missi dominici capitularies vassus (vassal)
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799 Rebellion drives Pope Leo III (p. 795-816)
from Rome. Leo appeals to Charlemagne 23/12/800 Council of nobles and clergy acquit pope 25/12/800 Imperial coronation of Charlemagne at St Peter’s Basilica: “First Europe” 813 Byzantine emperor acknowledges Charlemagne’s imperial title
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814 Death of Charlemagne. Succeeded by
Louis the Pious (r ) 818 Louis quells first of many rebellions 829 onwards: Various sons of Louis rebelling against their father and their brother Lothar
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Treaty of Verdun: Charles the Bald: W. Frankish territories (≈ France) Louis the German: E. Frankish territories (≈ Germany) Lothar: Imperial title, strip of land from North Sea to Italy
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855 Division of middle kingdom between
sons of Lothar 9th-10th c. Attacks on Carolingian territories by Vikings, Muslims and Magyars 911 End of Carolingian rule in E. Frankish territories 987 End of Carolingian rule in W. Frankish
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