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Anatomy & Physiology I Unit Nine
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The Autonomic Nervous System Functions
Innervates smooth & cardiac muscle and glands Maintains homeostasis by varying rates, constriction, dilation, etc.
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The Autonomic Nervous System
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The Autonomic Nervous System
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Autonomic Nervous System
The Autonomic Nervous System
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Sympathetic Chain Ganglia
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Autonomic Nervous System
The Autonomic Nervous System
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The Autonomic Nervous System
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The Autonomic Nervous System Receptors
Adrenergic receptors # found on effectors # respond to epinephrine & norepinephrine # can be excitatory or inhibitory # two forms – alpha & beta
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The Autonomic Nervous System Receptors
Adrenergic receptors # alpha receptors are usually excitatory # beta receptors are usually inhibitory, but can be excitatory
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The Autonomic Nervous System Receptors
Cholinergic receptors # found on postganglionic neurons and effectors # respond to acetylcholine # can be excitatory or inhibitory # two forms – nicotinic & muscarinic
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The Autonomic Nervous System Receptors
Cholinergic receptors # nicotinic receptors are always excitatory and are found in the postganglionic neurons, adrenal medulla & myoneural junctions
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The Autonomic Nervous System Receptors
Cholinergic receptors # muscarinic receptors can be either inhibitory or excitatory, work by way of a second messenger and are found in effectors
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The Autonomic Nervous System Functions
Certain drugs can be used to block these receptors so they cannot be stimulated These drugs are called blockers
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The Autonomic Nervous System Functions
Sympatholytics are drugs that block adrenergic receptors Propranolol is a beta blocker that blocks beta receptors in the heart & arteries
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The Autonomic Nervous System Functions
Parasympatholytics are drugs that block cholinergic receptors Atropine blocks muscarinic receptors, such as in the eyes & respiratory tubes
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The Autonomic Nervous System
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ANS Receptor Effects
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Receptors Receptors are dendrite endings that transduce energy from the external and internal environment into the energy of action potentials Receptors are grouped by the type of energy they transduce Chemoreceptors Nociceptors Photoreceptors Mechanoreceptors Thermoreceptors Proprioceptors
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Receptor Action
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Eye Anatomy
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Rods & Cones
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Eye Anatomy
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Eye Abnormalities
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Ear Anatomy
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Inner Ear Anatomy
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Hair Cell Receptors
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Hair Cells & Otoliths
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Inner Ear Anatomy
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Organ of Corti
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