1. MNF SOP Part D – Transition Planning JTF – CTF – UN PKO (Working Concept)
28 July 05

2. Operational Level Role / Focus Responsibility - Levels
Grand / Governmental
National Strategic
National Military
Strategic
Operational Level
(MNF SOP FOCUS
Tactical Level
Development and Employment
of “national / multinational
elements of Power” / resources
Prime Minister / President
United Nations Security Council
Primary Gov Agencies
Minister of Defense, Secretary
Of Defense, Major Defense
Agencies, Joint Chiefs of Staff
National Military HQs, Combatant
And Strategic Military Commanders
Development and Employment
of national / multinational
elements of “military” power
and resources
Link between “tactical and
Strategic objectives” via
Campaign and major operations
Employment and arrangement
Of forces in time, space, and
Purpose for synchronization and
Integration at the JTF/CTF,
Interagency, and multinational levels
JTF / CTF Headquarters and/ or
Major Subordinate Hqs of
Strategic Military Commanders
(Note: Strategic Military Cdrs may
Be dual hatted for Strategic and
Operational planning for Major
Regional Contingencies (but normally
NOT for MOOTW / SSC
Employment of untis at the
“execution level” for approved
Operational Courses of Action (COA). Ordered arrangement and
Maneuver of units at the engagement
and battle level
JTF/CTF Components and
Subordinate commands, units, and
Field operating agencies
Figure D-1: Strategic – Operational – Tactical Levels of Planning and Operations (establishing roles & responsibilities)

3. Overarching Transition Imperatives
Authorities and Guidance – Clear Mandate / Appropriate Authorities
Recognize Realities – Advanced Cueing is Required
Early-ON and On-Going Collaborative Transition Planning UN (IOs and NGOs)
Establish Synchronization mechanisms – Organizations and Measures of Effectiveness (MOE).
Requires Lead Nation Interagency Planning Approach
Maintain Credibility, Legitimacy, and Consent During Transition

4. Level of Violence
Crisis
UN TF
(Observers)
Jan-Oct 99
Peacemaking

5. Level of Violence Crisis 1 2 3 Transition Legend:
UN TF to Lead Nation JTF
JTF to CTF Lead Nation
CTF to UN PKO
Level of Violence
Crisis
Lead Nation
CTF
Peace Enforcement
And Stabilization
Sept 99-Feb 00 1 2 3
UN TF
(Observers)
Jan-Oct 99
CTF in Charge
Overlap w/UN
Peace
Enforcement
Peacemaking
Peace Keeping

6. Level of Violence Crisis 1 2 3 4 5
CRITICAL NOTE: This is only a “start point” for communications and planning - sequence of actions is not always
fixed !! Sequence can “turn back” and go back to previous states or jump “evens”. This is only a guide; each crisis
will have it own situational factors and sequence of events. Also, “dates” are simply how one situation evolved.
Transition Legend:
UN TF to Lead Nation JTF
JTF to CTF Lead Nation
CTF to UN PKO
UN PKO to UN Support
UN Support to Host Nation
Level of Violence
Crisis
Independence
> Elections
> Gov Recognized
Lead Nation
CTF
Peace Enforcement
And Stabilization
Sept 99-Feb 00
Self Sustaining
Peace & Stability 1 2 3 4 5
UN TF
(Transitional Administration and Humanitarian Relief)
Oct 99 – May 02
UN TF
(Support))
May 02 – May 04
UN TF
(Observers)
Jan-Oct 99
CTF in Charge
Overlap w/UN
Host Nation
Peace
Enforcement
Peace
Building
Peacemaking
PEO and Peace Bldg Overlap
Peace Keeping
Reference: East Timor: Some Peace Building Lessons, by MajGen Smith (Retd); CEO AUSTCARE, former Deputy Force Commander of East Timor UNTAET Peacekeeping Force; JIIA –UNU Symposium, Toyko Feb 04 (Chart: East Timor 1999 – 2004); (Chart Modified: Added in “Transition events” to chart and “overlapped PEO and Peace Building” to stress that that Peace Ops are not “clear and distinct” divisions/phases …. there is normally “overlapping missions” within real world contingencies - (MPAT insertion)

7. Operational Transition Planning (Planning Factors)
Fundamental Transition Principle – Seamless and Operational Capability Continuity
Exchange of Liaison and Planning Teams
Not a Separate and Isolated Event
Host Nation Situation and Nation Power Authority ??
Host Nation Present – Condition ??
Failed Nation – What Authority is Present ??
Meeting of Different Cultures and Recognition of the Key Actors Within a Transition – Mutual Respect for Roles and Missions
The question is “not who is in charge”; rather, who is doing “what” and what coordination is required to leverage capabilities and create unity of effort

8. Unity of Effort: UN Command
Prior to Crisis Crisis Response Follow-on Crisis
Host
Nation
(or
Designated
Auth) UN
Agencies
(plus)
Lead Nation
CTF
Unity of Effort: Lead
Nation CTF Cdr and SRSG
(UN mandate)
SRSG
IOs / NGOs
Coalition
Nations
Non
Host
Nation
(or
Designated
Auth) UN
Agencies
(plus)
Command
Unity of Effort: UN Command
SRSC / HOM
(UN Mandate)
SRSG
IOs / NGOs
Participating
Nations
Host
Nation (or
Designated
Auth)
IOs / NGOs UN
Agencies
(minus)
Non
Coalition
Nations
Unity of Effort: Host Nation
with UN support / IOs / NGOs
(mutually developed)
Note: In some situations a
SRSG may be appointed if
UN mission is underway
Peacemaking Peace Enforcement & Stability Peacekeeping/Peace
(Prevent/Support) (Military Security Ops/Emerg Relief-Gov) (Stability / Peace / Nation Building)
Figure D3-1: Primary Actors – Prior / During / Following Crisis Response

9. Operational Transition Planning (Planning Factors - Continued)
Transition Concepts – “ The What !!! “
Functions
Geographical Areas
Mission/Process/Tasks
Common Frame of Reference for Determining Transition Progress and Success – Measures of Performance (MOE)
“ The Detailed What !!! “

10. End State: Sustainable Peace
#1: Establish Safe and
Secure Environment
#2: Establish/Reinforce Legitimate
and Functional Government
#3: Establish Basic Need
Infrastructure for Nation
#4: Establish and Reinforce
Key Insitutions
Separation of Forces
Border / Sector Security
Police Functions
Violence / Terrorism Reduced
Political Agreement
Political Will
Elections
Where: CTF PEO
Transition to UN PKO ????
(MOE Based Transition)
Strategic - Operational - Tactical Centers of Gravity
( Defeat Threat -- Protect and Strengthen Friendly)
Centers of Gravity
Lead Nations CTF – ‘Coalition of Willing”
Initiation of Crisis Response
End State: Sustainable Peace
Security
Food and Water
Shelter/Medical
Economy
Police Functions
Military Functions
Judicial
Civil Service
Figure D3-2: Generic Set of Lines of Operations (Themes) and Supporting Tasks

11. Operational Transition Planning (Planning Factors - Continued)
Transition Concepts – “ The What !!! “
Functions
Geographical Areas
Mission/Process/Tasks
Common Frame of Reference for Determining Transition Progress and Success – Measures of Performance (MOE)
“ The Detailed What !!! “
Transition Template – Specific CONOPS Template

12. Figure D3-3: Transition Event Template
Functions
Areas
Missions/
Tasks / Processes
MOE BASED
CTF
Withdrawn
(Mandate
Established)
CTF in Charge
CTF in Support
Overwatch
Key
Transition
Actions (1/3)
Initial
Transition
Actions (1/3)
Final
Transition
Actions (1/3)
UN SRSG
in Pol/Mil
Support
Emergency
Nation Building
UN in Charge
UN in Support
Big Transition Four Factors:
1. Exchange of Functions,
Geographical, Mission / Tasks
Areas / MOE Based
2. 2/3 – 1/3 Rule applied
3. Supported / Supporting
C2 Relationship
4. Contingency Forces / Rapid
Reaction capability (Overwatch)
Exchange of Liaison
& Planning Teams
C2 Change Over Point
Train / RSOI Mentor / Validate Support / Overwatch / Withdrawal
Certify
Figure D3-3: Transition Event Template

13. Operational Transition Planning (Planning Factors - Continued)
Transition Concepts – “ The What !!! “
Functions
Geographical Areas
Mission/Process/Tasks
Common Frame of Reference for Determining Transition Progress and Success – Measures of Performance (MOE)
“ The Detailed What !!! “
Transition Template – Specific CONOPS Template
CTF Headquarters Organizational Structures for Support of Transition Events

14. CCC = Coalition Military Coordination for Transition
National Command
Elements
(NCE)
Commander
Coalition / Combined
Task Force
(CCTF)
Special
Access
Ops
(SOF)
Classification:
Secret – MNF REL
Classification:
Case by Case
DCCTF
Civil-Military
Operations
Center
(CMOC)
Coalition
Coordination
Center
(CCC)
Personal Staff
COS C1
PERS C2
INTEL C3
OPNS C4
LOG C5
PLANS C6
COMMS C7
CIV-MIL
CTF PLANNING PROCESS (C5 PLANS, C3 FOPS, and C3 COPS)
This is the start point or “template” in the MNF SOP for CTF HQs organization.
At first glance, it may seem cumbersome, but upon review it can be seen each element has clear and focused responsibilities that left unaddressed will cause functional problems in “planning and coordination” within the HQs.
Briefier: Outline each organization in the diagram above. Start at the top and work down. Stress that in coalition operations that classified information sharing will “always be a problem”. If it can be fully addressed and solved, a Coalition Coordination Center will not be required. However, the CMOC and CLCC will be required. In the MNF SOP processes are discussed to maximize communication, coordination, and intel sharing.
In COMBINED operations, the staff may be fully integrated and a CCC will not be required. HOWEVER, NORMALLY a CCC WILL BE REQUIRED and is a very valuable tool for “coalition coordination and integration” into the CTF planning and execution processes.
Coalition / Combined Logistics Coordination Center
(CLCC) Secret – MNF REL
Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs
(Coalition / Combined Media Pools)
Liaison & Coordination
Legend:
Multinational Force Releasable (MNF REL)
CCC = Coalition Military Coordination for Transition
CMOC = Civil Military Coordination with UN Agencies / IOs / NGOs / Host Nation