1. Toseland and rivas: Chapter 3
Week Two

2. “Fear of Groups Syndrome” Shulman2006
There are so many of them and only one of me
So many people judge your work (if one person doesn’t come back to counseling that’s lack of motivation on their part. If 10 people don’t return worker feels like he/she failed)
Negative feedback
Lack of control

3. Development of Group Dynamics
Inattention to group dynamics can have a negative effect on group members’ socio-emotional needs and goal attainment Groups can unleash both harmful and helpful forces Examples?
Both have harmful effects on group members. Appropriate development can lead to positive outcomes for group and members

4. Group Dynamics Four dimensions of group dynamics:
Communication and interaction patterns Figure 3.1(p.69)
Cohesion
Social integration and influence
Group culture

5. Group Dynamics Unleashed
Example: Cereal Mascot Slide

6. Communication As a Process (Kiesler 1978) Understanding Other People
Finding Out Where They Stand in Relationship to others
Persuading Others
Gaining or Maintaining Power
Defending Themselves
Provoking a reaction from others
Relational
Making an Impression
Unified Image

7. Communication: Non Verbal Messages
Body language, gestures, facial expressions
May not know how to verbally express feelings
Silence
Cultural Competencies

8. Communication: Patterns of Group Interaction
4 patterns of group interaction that could develop in a group:
Maypole
Round Robin
Hot Seat
Free Floating

9. Group Cohesion 2nd Dimension
Member to Member Attraction to Group
Sense of Unity and Community
Sense of Teamwork
GroupThink:
Near death experience

10. Social Integration & Influence (3rd dimension of group dynamics)
Norms
Roles
Status
Think about norms developed in a classroom setting.
Norms: shared expectations and beliefs about appropriate ways to act in social situations. Result from what is valued, preferred, accepted by group. Develop as group develops. Norms can change through discussion, intervention, deviating , helping group adapt and be more aware, hiring consultant
Roles: shared expectations about functions of individuals in the group. They ensure someone will be designated to take care of vital group functions.
Status: evaluation and ranking of each member’s position in the group. Could be related to how well you are liked, how much they rely on your expertise,
Research by Sherif, Newcomb, Asch, and Milgram show minority opinions can influence the majority by offering compelling arguments, being heard, confidence, etc.

11. Group Culture 4TH Dimension of group dynamics
Group culture is an important force in the group as a whole:
Group culture refers to
Values, Beliefs, Customs, Traditions
3 Levels: Surface, Deeper, Deepest Level

12. Stages of Group Development
Beginning
Middle
Ending

13. Principles for Practice
Closed membership
Open membership
Exploration of purpose
Norm development, role testing and status awareness
Structure
Tension or conflict
Increased group cohesion
Review and evaluate
Strong feeling-recognition and plan