1. Italy: Late 1300’s – Early 1600”s Europe: Late 1400’s – 1600’s
The Renaissance
Italy: Late 1300’s – Early 1600”s
Europe: Late 1400’s – 1600’s

2. The Plague – The Bridge Between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance
Also known at Black Death or Bubonic Plague
Made way for the emergence of a middle class
The Middle Ages represented a time when there were two classes of people – the rich and the poor
The Plague wiped out half of Europe’s population between – 1450 creating an economic depression
Once the Plague subsided the European population began to boom and the need for goods and services rose
renaissance/videos#coroners-report-plague ml

3. The Italian Renaissance
Began in northern Italy in the mid-1300’s
Spread to England, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Spain in the ’s
Cultural movement that transitioned learning about theology to learning about humanity
Examined the culture of ancient Greece and Rome
The focus of art was on the beauty and majesty of human beings

4. Political Background - Italy
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Signoria – a principality where a powerful family governed a city
Families such as Visconti, Sforza, Este, and Gonzaga
Cities included Milan, Ferrara, Mantua, and Urbino
Republicanism – where a ruling class controlled the government of a city
The Medici family dominated the ruling class in Florence
Venice was also governed by a ruling class

6. Humanism
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Significant intellectual movement that blended history and actions of human beings with religious concerns
People who follow this way of thinking are called “humanists”
Focus was on classical civilization which revived study of the ancient Greek and Roman languages as well as writing style and literature

7. http://www.history.com/topics/italian- renaissance/videos#humanism-triggers-the- renaissance

8. Philosophy
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Platonism – the study of ancient Greek philosopher Plato; belief was that reading Plato would strengthen Christian faith
Machiavelli – developed a practical philosophy of politics

9. Literature
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Petrarch – a poet, discovered Letters to Aticus, a collection of Roman political letters by Cicero; encouraged the study of Plato
Giovannni Boccaccio – wrote a collection of stories called the Decameron
Both men were friends and considered to be the first humanists.

10. Italian Court Life
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Courtiers – noblemen and noblewomen who lived in the royal court; common people who worked in the court*
The Book of the Courtier by Castiglione was about the ideal courtier
The book was translated into several languages and influenced the conduct of courtiers throughout Europe
*Clergy, soldiers, clerks, secretaries, and agents and middlemen of all sorts with business in the courts.

11. Art
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More attention was given to the human body and to human emotions
Art was more realistic and natural

12. Italian Art – Early 1400’s
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Giotto – painted frescoes in churches in Assisi, Florence, Padua, and Rome
Donatello – sculptor from Florence

13. Italian Art – Early 1500’s
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DaVinci – painter, scientist, inventor
The Last Supper, Mona Lisa
renaissance/videos#life-after-people-the-last-supper

14. Italian Art – Early 1500’s
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Michelangelo – painter, sculptor, architect, and poet
Painting on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
renaissance/videos#st-peters-basilica

15. Italian Art – Early 1500’s
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Raphael – painter, known for delicate use of color
Fresco School of Athens
Pano/SDR/Visit_SDR_Main.html

16. Italian Architecture
Brunelleschi – first Renaissance architect to revive the ancient Roman style of architecture
He used classical arches, columns, and other Roman elements in his work
Designed the Pazzi Chapel in Florence ml
Sistine Chapel

17. Europe and the Renaissance
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Late 1400’s the Renaissance spread to France, Germany, England and Spain
These countries invaded Italy and saw the beauty of Italian art and architecture
They wanted to replicate the intellect and beauty in their own countries

18. Political Europe and the Renaissance
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England, France and Spain were ruled by monarchies – kings and queens
Germany was ruled by the Holy Roman Empire – the Catholic Church
The royal courts in all of the countries welcomed the ideologies of Italy into their courts

20. Heritage of the Renaissance
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