2. IMPERIAL JAPAN

4. Reasons for Japanese Imperialism
By 1922 the Japanese population had doubled to 70 million in a mere 60 years
Japan needed natural resources such as oil, rubber, tin, zinc, copper, tin, wool, cotton which it was importing from, soon to be, hostile countries like the US and Great Britain
Japan needed land and food
Japan considered itself to be the superior Asian race whose destiny was to rule all Asia

5. At the beginning of the 1940s there were three main issues between the US and Japan to be resolved in negotiations. (1) Tripartite Pact of Alliance: The US urged Japan to withdraw from the 1940 alliance with Germany and Italy (2) Southern Indo-China: The US demanded Japan to withdraw from the southern Indo-China (Indonesia) (3) China: The US demanded Japan to withdraw from China.

6. The US is a threat to Japan’s imperialism in Asia because the US is the main provider of natural resources to Japan in the 1930s and 1940s.
In 1940 President Roosevelt imposes a partial embargo on Japan on gasoline for aircraft and scrap metal, both of which are key US exports to Japan.

7. Japan needed natural resources
SCRAP METAL
OIL
Japanese reliance on US scrap metal
Year Percentage % % % %
Japan could not produce oil, within its borders, even for 10% of its domestic consumption.
Japanese reliance on US oil imports
80%
Japan relied on Indonesia for 13% of its oil in 1940
RUBBER
Japan received 90% of its rubber from British Malaya.

8. Dependence of Japanese economy on foreign imports other than oil by 1941:
Steel industry raw materials 88%
Zinc %
Tin %
Cotton %
Wool %
Rubber %

9. Then the US put a complete oil embargo on Japan.
Japan moved into the southern Indo-China in July, 1941 to gain its oil and rubber resources.
The US replied to it by freezing the Japanese assets in the US. Britain followed up by freezing Japanese assets in the United Kingdom.
Then the US put a complete oil embargo on Japan.
As a result, the Japanese leaders found themselves in a difficult situation in which they had to make their decision: bow before the US,
or to fight a war against the US.
THIS MEANS WAR.

10. The plan to attack Pearl Harbor

11. Japan’s imperial forces are led by
Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto

12. Yamamoto was the C-in-C of Japanese naval forces in 1940 until his death in He graduated from the US Naval War College and Harvard and served in Washington in He did not support attacking the US as he was aware of America’s strengths, however he agreed to plan the attack on Pearl Harbor with a goal that it would be: A DECISIVE VICTORY and would lead to negotiations for peace with the US
The Plan:
Use 100% of the Japanese naval forces
Sink all aircraft carriers
It must be a surprise

14. The Three Wave Plan
Target aircraft carriers and all airfields
Target secondary naval crafts: destroyers, cruisers, light cruisers, dry-docks, oil tanks
Clean-up…get all targets not fully destroyed

18. FIRST WAVE

27. SECOND WAVE

40. THIRD WAVE?

41. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto
“I fear we have awakened a sleeping giant and filled him with a terrible resolve.”
Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto