1. Computer Hardware

2. Pentium IV

3. Processor Characteristics
Speed
Pin configuration
Cache sizes
Base clock
Enhanced clock
E/B ratio
Mother boards FSB speed
RAM support
Virtual memory support
Sockets

4. Processors
4004
8008
8085
8086
8088
80186
80286
80386
80486
Pentium I,II,III,IV
Xeon
Itanium
AMD Athlon
AMD Duron
Cyrix
Sun Sparc

5. Intel x86 versions Version Arch Speed L1 RAM 80186 16 bit 12.5Mhz ---
80286
12.5MHz
16MB
80386
32 bit
33MHz
4 GB
80486
100Mhz
8KB
4GB
FSB
3 MHz
8 MHz 16
Trans
0.5
1.34
2.75 6 ``

6. Intel Processors Version Arch Speed L2 RAM I 32 bit 300 MHz 16 KB
> 4 GB II
600 MHz
128, 256
Celeron
32bit
1.3 GHz
128 KB
III
1.7 GHz
Xeon
2.0 GHz
256,512 IV
3 GHz
256 KB
Itanium
64 bit
3 + GHz
2,4 MB
> 8GB
FSB
60 MHz
100 MHz
133 MHz
266 MHz
400 MHz
800 GHz
Trans
3.21 m
7.5 mil
9.5 mil
28 mil
32 mil
42 mil
50 mil

7. Different Categories of same CPU

8. Motherboard Significance of Motherboard Chipsets & I/O processors
Voltage levels
Form factors AT and ATX
Bus Architecture

11. Bus Architectures Bus type ISA PCI AGP No of pins 62 188 132 Speed
4.77 MHz
33 MHz
66 MHz
DTR
5 MBps
132 MBps
264 MBps

12. Integrated Bus Support

13. Random-access Memory Structure of RAM Pin configuration SPD Processor
Flip-Flop and Capacitor Architecture
Refresh rates
SIMM & DIMM slots
DRAMS, SDRAM, RAMBUS, ECC-RAM, NV-RAM,DDR-RAM, SRAMS differences and access times

14. SIMM RAM

15. Read-Only Memory
ROM or BIOS or CMOS
PROM
EPROM
EEPROM
Flash ROM

16. Cache memory
Location in a PC
Access times
Levels of Cache
Why Levels?

17. Cables

18. Hard Disk

19. Floppy Disk Drives
External
Internal

20. CD Drives Speeds ranging from upto 52X Also magneto optical drives and
DVD

21. Ports
Female and male ports
Parallel,Serial & PS/2
USB ports

22. Internal modem
Cable modem

23. Modems Used to access remote data
Connects through the telephone line or a leased line
Both external and internal modems are available
Speed range from
upto 256 kbps

24. AGP card
AGP slot

25. Network Interface Card

26. SCSI Controller

27. EIDE SCSI Onboard as well as external are available Onboard
Average access time = 7 ms
15000 RPM
18 GB costs Rs 15,000
Upto 15 drives
Produce more heat
Internal as well as external HARD DISK DRIVES
Hardware level RAID
Onboard
Average access time = 15 ms
5400 RPM
40 GB costs Rs 4500
Maximun 4 drives
Produces less heat
All drives are internal
No RAID

28. Insertion of a card in your PC

29. SMPS Switched Mode Power Supply Phase,neutral & earth sockets
Power Supply control

30. UPS
Types
Differences

31. Online UPS
Off line UPS

33. Server Side Hardware

34. Main vendors
IBM
SUN HP
Intel

35. Workstation Server Usually 1 CPU
Onboard cards such as NIC/SCSI controllers are usually not available
1 to 4 HDD’s
Chasis = Rs 750 – Rs 2000
NIC is 10Mbps or 100 Mbps
Scalable to any number of cpu’s normally upto 64 cpu’s.
Comes with every thing built in and provides many extra slots for further enhancements.
Can support upto 126 HDD’s
chasis Rs 40,000
NIC is 1Gbps or 10 Gbps

36. Hardware Characteristics of a Server
Multi Processor
SCSI storage
Disk Arrays
Itelligent Storage Arrays
Fail Safe

37. Directly Attached Storage
Server
Storage Array
Hub
Clients

38. Network Attached Storage
ISA
Server
Hub
Clients

39. Cluster setup using Storage Area Network

40. Intelligent Storage Array

41. Any questions ??????????

42. Thank you