1. Russian Revolution and World War I Ends
Chapter 21, Lesson 3-4
EQ: Why do politics often lead to war?

2. Vocabulary: Ch. 21, Lesson 3 and 4
Soviet
abdicate
armistice
reparation
Treaty of Versailles (1919) *
*Find in Power point

3. Bell Ringer
You have 5 minutes to write down your summary for Chapter 21, Lesson 2: WWI

4. The Russian Revolution
Chapter 21, Lesson 3

5. Pre-Revolutionary Russia
Only true autocracy left in Europe
Nicholas II became Czar in 1884
Believed he was the absolute ruler anointed by God
Tsar Nicholas II, his wife Tsarina Alexandra 

6. Background to Revolution
Russia unprepared for WWI’s total war
People grew angry with the Czar’s regime, even the wealthy class.

7. The Soviets Russia stayed in the War to prevent embarrassment
Soviets challenged the government
They represent the workers and soldiers classes
Largely made of socialists who represented the radical interests of the lower class
Karl Marx (philosopher) = Marxism  Socialism (Communism)

8. Lenin & the Bolsheviks
Bolsheviks = radical Marxist led by Vladimir Lenin.
Wanted a revolution (social change)
Bolsheviks & Lenin see the soviets (poor) as a instrument to bring change
Promise to end the Great War
Redistribute land to the peasants
“Peace, Land, and Bread”

9. Bolsheviks Seize Power
November 1917 the Bolsheviks seized power—without bloodshed
Lenin takes full control of the government
Bolsheviks renamed themselves communists or Red Army
March 3, 1918—Russia exits WWI after signing a treaty with Germany—gave up eastern Poland, Ukraine, and Finland.

10. Civil War: Romanovs are Murder
Russian Civil War—Red Army vs. White Forces.
Result: After Czar Nicholas II abdicated he, his wife, and five children were murdered.
17 July 1918

11. Triumph of the Communists
Anti-Communist Forces (Allies, USA) could do nothing about the triumph of communism in Russia.
Communist control of banks and most industries, distribute land to the peasants—allows communism to triumph

12. Activity #1: Back Ground to Revolution
Read Background to Revolution (pg )
1. What factors led to
the Russian Revolution?
Factors that
led to Russian Revolution

13. Progress Check Questions: Chapter 21, Lesson 3
Answer Progress Check Questions in complete sentences
(pg )
Inferring: Why did German military leaders return Lenin to Russia?
Making Generalizations: Why might the promises of the Bolsheviks have been appealing to the Russian people?
Contrasting: How were the White forces and the anti-Leninists socialists different?

14. Chapter 21, Lesson 4 Why do politics often lead to war?
World War I Ends
Chapter 21, Lesson 4
Why do politics often lead to war?

15. Ending the War 1917-1918 USA enters War in April 1917
1918 Russia exits the war
Germans use all their resources on Western Front
March 1918 Germany begins a massive attack on France

16. Central Powers Crumble (1918)
US sent 140,000 “fresh” troops
2nd Battle of the Marne (June 1918)—Germany lost
Central Powers Crumble
Revolutions in Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire surrenders
German soldiers mutiny, public turns against Kaiser Wilhelm II

17. War Ends (1918) Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated on Nov. 1918
11th hour, 11th day, of the 11th month in 1918 (Nov. 11, 1918) Germany agreed to sign an armistice (truce)
37 million dead and 20 million wounded
Cost of 338 billion dollars

18. Ending the War Paris Peace Conference
The "Big Four” meet at the Paris Peace Conference
Wilson “14 points”
Create Treaty of Versailles
War Guilt Clause
Break up of German, Austrian, Russian and Ottoman Empire
Reparations
Legacy of bitterness and betrayal
Council of Four at the WWI Paris peace conference, May 27, 1919
Minister David Lloyd George (Britain)
Premier Vittorio Orlando (Italy).
Premier Georges Clemenceau (France)
President Woodrow Wilson (USA)

19. Paris Peace Conference (1919)
Aim: To come up with peace settlement
The Four: US, France, Britain, Italy
Note: Germany was not invited & Russia was dealing with its Revolution
Complications—(1) secret agreements had been made before the end of WWI. (2) national interests complicated agreements (3) The Big Four argued

20. Wilson’s “14 Points”
Wilson created it to bring peace and make sure a war like this would not occur again
However, Congress fails to pass this resolution.

21. Activity #3 Read Wilson’s Proposal (pg. 427)
1. Identify two of Wilson’s proposals in his Fourteen Points
Answer the following question:
2. How did Woodrow Wilson portrayed WWI?
3. According to Wilson, how can the two enemies of liberty (absolutism and militarism) be eliminated?

22. Activity #4: Treaty of Versailles Worksheet
Read Treaty of Versailles
Complete the table, answering the following: What did the Treaty of Versailles mean for Germany and for Europe?

23. Treaty of Versailles
The Conference led to 5 separate treaties with each of the defeated nations (Central Powers)
Treaty of Versailles with Germany
Germany was fully responsible for WWI
Had to pay reparations ($) for all damages to the Allies
Germany had to cut its army, navy, and eliminate its air force
Germany lost some lands

24. Effects of World War I
Before World War I feeling of optimism and progress of Human Kind
After the War feelings of pessimism

25. Activity #5: Primary Sources
Analyze the Political Cartoons
Answer Questions