1. Path to Independence and Republicanism Unit 3
Chapter 5 The Problem of Empire

2. Duel for North America World War’s 1-4
England vs. France
King William’s War
Queen Anne’s War
Treaty of Utrecht
King George’s War
Louisbourg
Peace Treaty of 1748

3. The Battle of Quebec on the Plains of Abraham-the beginning of the end for British-American relations.

4. French and Indian War Seven Years’ War 1754-1763
French forts and British expansion in Ohio River Valley
George Washington’s mission
Fort Duquesne
Fort Necessity
Albany Congress
Benjamin Franklin
Albany Plan for Union 1754
Neither British or Colonists agreed. Why?

5. Albany Congress

6. Before 1754
After 1763

7. French Indian War Treaty of Paris…first of 4
Effects on colonial relations
Debt led to more imperial control over taxes, markets, and politics…End of Salutary Neglect
Effects on Native Americans
Continued conflict
Lost French alliance
Pontiac’s Rebellion 1763
Proclamation Line of 1763
Paxton Boy’s 1764

8. Line of Proclamation 1763

9. Push for Independence
Colonists unite around real and perceived constraints
Fueled by colonial elite as well as grassroots efforts by labor, artisans, and women
Benjamin Franklin
Rights of British citizens
Tradition of self rule
Ideas of the Enlightenment

10. Stamp Act 1765 Revenue tax to pay for troops Vice Admiralty courts
Stamp Act Congress
“No taxation without representation”
External(indirect) vs. internal(direct) tax
Virtual vs. direct representation
Sons of Liberty
boycotts
Stamp Act repealed in 1766
Declaratory Act

13. Townshend Acts 1767 Indirect tax Pays royal governors and judges
Paint, glass, lead, paper, tea
Pays royal governors and judges
Power of the Purse
Non importation agreements
Boston Massacre
Townshend Acts repealed in 1770
Committee of Correspondence
Letter from a Farmer in Pennsylvania
John Dickinson

15. The Tea Act 1773 Boston Tea Party

16. Push for American Independence
Boston Tea Party 1773
Coercive/Intolerable Acts 1774
Quebec Act
First Continental Congress 1774

17. Philosophy(Ideology) of American Independence
Republican self government
Natural rights
John Locke
Lexington and Concord
Second Continental Congress 1775
Common Sense 1776
Thomas Paine
The Crisis
Declaration of Independence

19. Thomas Paine Common Sense January 1776
Argues independence and a REPUBLIC.
“We may as well assert that, because a child has thrived upon milk, it is never to have meat, or that the first twenty years of our lives is to become a precedent for the next twenty.”
“But there is something absurd in supposing a continent to be perpetually governed by an island.”
“Everything that is right or reasonable pleads for separation. The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of nature, cries, ‘tis time to part.”

20. Thomas Paine’s The Crisis
THESE are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands by it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing its value. Heaven knows how to put a proper price upon its goods; and it would be strange indeed if so celestial an article as FREEDOM should not be highly rated. Britain, with an army to enforce her tyranny, has declared that she has a right (not only to TAX) but "to BIND us in ALL CASES WHATSOEVER" and if being bound in that manner, is not slavery, then is there not such a thing as slavery upon earth.