1. Workbook Page 12 Front
Class Notes

2. 1. Cause: Exotic goods from the East appeared in European marketplaces
Effect: People became interested in India, China and the rest of Asia

3. 2. Cause: Italians wanted to improve their knowledge of people and the world.
Effect: They studied Greek and Roman classical works with new interest.

4. 3. Cause: The spirit if the Renaissance spread in Europe.
Effect: Europeans thought about themselves in a dramatically new way.

5. 4. Cause: Merchants and bankers in Europe wanted to increase trade profits.
They looked for an alternative to the overland route through the Middle East.

6. 5. Cause: Movable type and the printing press were invented.
Effect: Marco Polo’s Travels was read by more people in Europe.

7. Effect: Sailors could determine their latitude at sea.
6. The astrolabe, which measured the position of the stars, was invented
Effect: Sailors could determine their latitude at sea.

8. 7. Cause: The stern rudder and triangular sail were invented.
Effect: Sailors could sail into the wind.

9. 8. Cause: The kings of Ghana imposed taxes on trade.
The people of Ghana prospered.

10. 9. Cause: Muslim traders from North Africa came to Ghana.
Effect: Many West Africans became Muslims

11. 10. Cause: Mansa Musa had great mosques built in the capital of Mali
Effect: Timbuktu became an important center of Islamic art and learning.