1. Congress – Article I

2. VII Congress – Article I
A. 2 House Legislature – Bi-Cameral
1. The House of Representatives
a. Qualifications
1. 25 years at time sworn in
2. 7 year citizen
3. Live in the state represented
( Members are called Congressmen/Congresswomen or Representative)

3. b. Term : 2 years. There are no term limits
(vacancy: when there is a vacancy then the Governor of that state schedules a special election)
c. Officials
i. The Speaker of the House: elected by the majority party
ii. House Majority Leader
iii. House Majority Whip
iv House Minority Leader
v. House Minority Whip

4. Speaker of the House
Paul Ryan

5. House Majority Leader
Kevin McCarthy

6. House Majority Whip
Steven Scalise

7. House Minority Leader
Nancy Pelosi

8. House Minority Whip
Steny Hoyer

9. Special Things the House gets to do
i. All bills concerning money start here
ii. House has sole power to impeach
iii. House has sole power to admit or kick out own members
iv. The House makes up its own rules to conduct business

10. E. Representation in the House of Representatives is based on the population of each state. States are carved into Congressional districts based on a ratio of 1 representative for about every 750,000 persons.
1. However, each state is guaranteed at least one representative.
2. Every 10 years the population of the United States is counted to determine how many representative each state gets. (Census)
3. The process of redrawing Congressional district lines is known as Redistricting. Redistricing is done by the state legislatures.

11. Example: Which state has more representatives?
Alaska
Population: 710,000
1 Representative
Rhode Island
Population: 1,550,000
2 Representatives

12. Question
How many Representative are in the House of Representatives fro Puerto Rico with a population of 3,458,000?
How many Representatives are in the House of Representatives from Washington DC with a population of 601,000?

13. Gerrymandering: To draw district boundaries for the purpose of making sure one party or the other is elected or stays in office or to draw district boundaries to discriminate against a particular group.

17. PA Congressional Map

18. Pennsylvania 7th Congressional District
Congressman Pat Meehan
Pennsylvania 7th Congressional District

19. Pennsylvania 1st Congressional District
Congressman Bob Brady
Pennsylvania 1st Congressional District

20. 2. The Senate
A. Qualifications
years old
2. 9 year citizen
3. Live in state represented
Term: 6 years – No term limits. 1/3 of the Senators are elected every 2 years.
( Vacancy: When there is a vacancy the Governor of that state appoints a replacement until the next election.)

21. C. Officials
i. The President of the Senate
ii. The President Pro Temp.
iii The Senate Majority Leader
iv The Senate Majority Whip
v. The Senate Minority Leader
vi. The Senate Minority Whip

22. President of the Senate
Joe Biden - The Vice President of the United States is the President of the Senate.

23. President Pro Tempore
President Pro Tem
Orrin Hatch

24. Senate Majority Leader
Mitch McConnell

25. Senate Majority Whip
John Cornyn

26. Senate Minority Leader
Harry Reid

27. Senate Minority Whip
Richard Durbin

28. Special Things the Senate gets to do
1. Approve all appointments to high executive jobs (Cabinet Secretaries) and federal judges
2. Approve all treaties
3. Tries all impeachments by acting as a jury
4. The Senate makes its own rules to conduct business

29. Pennsylvania – U.S. Senator
Bob Casey

30. Senator Pat Toomey

31. Impeachment:
1. How Impeachment works –
a. Who may be impeached?
1. President
2. Vice president
3. Cabinet level positions in Executive department
4. Federal Judges

32. the House votes to charge a crime
c. the trial takes place in the Senate. The Senate acts as the jury.

33. d. When the president is impeached, the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court is the judge of the trial.
e. The Senate is the jury.
f. It takes a 2/3 vote to remove an official from office.
g. When another government official is impeached, the presiding officer of the Senate acts as the judge. – Can you see the hole in the Constitution?

34. Committees – Almost all work in Congress is done in committees
Committees are run by Chairpersons and Chairpersons are very powerful. They have the ability to stop a bill by pigeonholing it.

35. Pigeonhole

36. Types of Committees Standing Committees – Permanent
Select Committees – Temporary, formed for a special purpose
Joint Committees – Committees formed that includes members of the House and the Senate
Conference Committee (Joint Conference Committee) – a Standing (permanent) Committee of House and Senate members that meet to resolve differences in a bill.

37. House Committees House Committee on Agriculture
House Committee on Appropriations
House Committee on Armed Services
House Committee on the Budget
House Committee on Education and Labor
House Committee on Energy and Commerce
House Committee on Financial Services
House Committee on Foreign Affairs
House Committee on Homeland Security
House Committee on House Administration
House Committee on the Judiciary
House Committee on Natural Resources
House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
House Committee on Rules
House Committee on Science and Technology
House Committee on Small Business
House Committee on Standards of Official Conduct
House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
House Committee on Veterans' Affairs
House Committee on Ways and Means
House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming

38. Senate Committees
Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
Senate Committee on Appropriations
Senate Committee on Armed Services
Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
Senate Committee on the Budget
Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works
Senate Committee on Finance
Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
Senate Committee on Indian Affairs
Senate Committee on the Judiciary
Senate Committee on Rules and Administration
Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship
Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Senate Select Committee on Ethics
Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
Senate Special Committee on Aging
United States Senate Caucus on International Narcotics Control