1. UNDERSTANDING MATTER AND CHEMICAL CHANGE
The universe is made up of two things : matter and energy

2. MATTER Matter is made up of particles
These particles are made up of elements (from the periodic table

3. ENERGY
Energy is the different forces that make particles do something i.e. fusion (stars), electromagnetic fields, fission (atomic bombs), a push or pull

4. PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER
All matter is made up of very small particles

5. Each pure substance has its own kind of particle, different from the particles of other pure substances

6. Particles attract each other

7. There are spaces between particles

8. Particles are always moving.

9. As particles gain energy they move faster
As particles gain energy they move faster. Particles at higher temperature move faster than particles at lower temperatures

10. 3 STATES OF MATTER (ON EARTH)
Solid
Liquid
Gas

11. HEY! WHAT ABOUT PLASMA????
Only in stars (like our sun) or in a laboratory

12. WHAT IS MATTER?

13. How do you classify matter?

14. MATTER
Pure substances
Mixtures

15. Which is the pure substance? Which is the mixture?

16. Why does a chemist care?

17. MATTER
Pure substances
Mixtures

18. Pure substances
Compounds
Elements

19. Compounds
NaCl H2O
(chemical formulas)

20. Elements
(on the periodic table)

21. How can we tell the difference between elements and compounds?

22. Compounds can be broken down into simpler units by heat and/or electricity.
NaCl Na Cl

23. Elements cannot be broken down chemically into simpler units by heat or electricity

24. LEARNING CHECK: ELEMENT OR COMPOUND?
H2O
C6H12O6 (glucose – sugar made in photosynthesis Zn Fe

25. MATTER
Pure substances
Compounds
Elements
Mixtures

26. Same properties throughout SOLUTIONS
Mixtures
Homogeneous mixtures
Heterogeneous mixtures
Same properties throughout
SOLUTIONS
Different properties in small samples
SALSA, MILK

27. LEARNING CHECK: HOMOGENEOUS OR HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE
coke
milk
bowl of cereal
koolaid
gatorade
salad dressing
your junk drawer
sand at the beach
a bucket of sea water
salt water you make by dissolving salt in warm water

28. A good way to tell the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous liquid: If you shine a flashlight through a homogeneous mixture the light will go through and the liquid seems clear (even if colored).
If you shine a flashlight through a heterogeneous liquid like milk – the light is dispersed by the particles so the liquid is murky.

29. LEARNING CHECK: COLLOID? SOLUTION?

30. Heterogeneous mixtures
Ordinary mechanical mixtures
Big particles stay mixed (granite, salsa, choc chip cookie)
Suspensions
Large particles in liquid that settle (flour, charcoal)
Colloids
fine particles in a substance (gels, clouds)
Emulsions
Liquid in liquid
(milk, mayo, salad dressings)

31. HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES
MATTER
PURE SUBSTANCES
ELEMENTS
COMPOUNDS
MIXTURES
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES