1. INTRO TO EARTH SCIENCE

2. 4 Branches of Science Biology – the study of living things
Chemistry – the study of composition of matter
Physics – the study of forces, motion, matter, and energy
Earth Science – the study of Earth and it’s surroundings

3. Earth science has several branches:
Geology – study of forces that have shaped Earth
Oceanography – study everything from chemistry of ocean water to ocean floor and marine organisms
Meteorology – study of conditions in the atmosphere
Astronomy - focus on solar system, stars and galaxies
Environmental science – study Earth’s environment and resources

5. MAPPING

6. Determining Location Using Maps
Latitude – the distance North and South of the equator measured in degrees.
The lines themselves run East to West (left to right) – think lat = flat lines
Longitude – the distance East and West of the Prime Meridian (Divides the Earth in-half through Greenwich, England) measured in degrees.
The lines themselves run North to South (top to bottom) – think long and tall

9. How To Read Locations
Specific locations are read degrees, minutes, seconds.
Example: AC Reynolds High School is 35°- 32'52'' N Latitude and 82°-28'38'' W Longitude
Remember, minutes and seconds only go up to 60 seconds

10. Topographic Maps
Topographic Maps - Show elevation of Earth’s surface by using contour lines
Contour lines – tells the difference in elevation between adjacent lines. Every position along the same contour line is at the same elevation.

12. Notes About Contour Lines
Lines never cross
“V” shaped lines point upstream
Lines close together show steep elevation
Lines farthest apart show flat land
Contour lines always close to form a complete circle