1. Chapter 2 Lab Procedures & Tool Use
PC Support & Repair
Chapter 2
Lab Procedures & Tool Use

2. Objectives
After completing this chapter, you will meet these objectives:
Explain the purpose of safe working conditions and procedures.
Identify tools and software used with personal computer components and their purposes.
Implement proper tool use.
Identify safety procedures and potential hazards for users and technicians.
Identify safety procedures to protect equipment from damage and data from loss.
Identify safety procedures to protect the environment from contamination.
This chapter covers basic safety practices for the workplace, hardware and software tools, and the disposal of hazardous materials. Safety guidelines help protect individuals from accidents and injury. They also help to protect equipment from damage. Some of these guidelines are designed to protect the environment from contamination caused by improperly discarded materials.

3. Safe Workplace PROTECT PEOPLE PROTECT EQUIPMENT & DATA
Prevents personal injury
PROTECT EQUIPMENT & DATA
Keeps equipment safe
PROTECT ENVIRONMENT
No contamination
A safe workspace is clean, organized, and properly lighted.

4. Protect People- Safety Precautions
Remove watch & jewelry and secure loose clothing
Turn off the power and unplug equipment before performing service
Cover sharp edges inside the computer case with tape
Never open a power supply or a CRT monitor.
Do not touch areas in printers that are hot or that use high voltage
Know where the fire extinguisher is and how to use it
Keep food & drinks out of your workspace
Keep your workspace clean and free of clutter
Bend your knees when lifting heavy objects to avoid injuring your back
Wear safety goggles
Keep fire extinguisher & first aid kit handy
Watch cable tripping hazard; Where would you place cables to prevent this? CONDUIT or CABLE TRAY

5. Protect People -Electrical Safety
HIGH VOLTAGE
Power supplies & CRT Monitors
Should be replaced, not repaired
DO NOT wear antistatic wrist strap if you repair these
Printer parts can become HOT & have high voltage
Let cool down & read manual for high voltage areas
Don’t mix AC adapters for laptops
Might have different power requirements
Professor Messer

6. Protect People- Fire Safety
TURN OFF PC & UNPLUG before you do work
Know how to operate a fire extinguisher
Follow safety procedures
Never fight a fire that is out of control or not contained.
Always have a planned fire escape route before beginning any work.
Get out of the building quickly.
Contact emergency services for help.
Be sure to locate and read the instructions on the fire extinguishers in your workplace before you have to use them.

7. Protect Equipment- EMI & RFI
Outside electrical signals interfere with media (wire)
Distorts the normal signal
Power lines, motors, lightning storms
RFI (Type of EMI)
Cordless phone or microwave oven messes up Wi-Fi
Phone interferes w/ speaker

8. Protect Equipment- ESD
Static electricity
Buildup of charge on surface
Buildup can JUMP to a component
Electrostatic discharge
Anything you do can cause static
3000v for you to feel it
Walk across carpet & touch someone
10,000v!!!
LESS THAN 30V CAN DAMAGE PC COMPONENTS

9. Protect Equipment- Against ESD
Professor Messer
Protect Equipment- Against ESD
Keep components in antistatic bags
Use grounded mats on workbenches
Use grounded floor mats in work areas
Use antistatic wrist straps when working on computers

10. Protect Equipment- Climate
If the environment temperature is very high, equipment can overheat
Humidity =increases ESD chances
Humidity =less likely ESD
If the humidity level is very high, equipment can suffer from moisture damage
LOW
Keep the relative humidity in the room high, ideally around 40-70%, and temperature between degrees. The key is to avoid dry air in the computer repair location to prevent ESD. H I GH

11. Protect Equipment- Power Issues
PROBLEM
DESCRIPTION
SURGE
Dramatic voltage increase that lasts seconds
SPIKE
Voltage increase that lasts milliseconds
SAG
Voltage decrease that lasts milliseconds
BROWNOUT
Voltage decrease that lasts seconds usually from an overload
BLACKOUT
Complete loss of power
NOISE
Unclean power caused by interference from lighting & motors
Use handout to complete chart first and then review.

12. Protect Equipment- Power Protection Devices
DESCRIPTION
Surge Protector
Diverts excess power to ground
SPS- Standby Power Supply or Offline UPS
MOST COMMON
Switches to battery in milliseconds
UPS- or Online UPS
VERY EXPENSIVE
Constantly powers device from battery
No power fluctuations
Use for critical devices
Best to unplug devices during a storm.
Most UPS’ can communicate with the OS to save & shutdown the computer/device.
DO NOT plug a laser printer into a UPS. It has too much drain when in use and could set off UPS.

13. Protect Environment- Hazardous Materials
Heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, or mercury
Follow regulations for recycle or removal
Look up your town’s policy

14. Protect Environment- SDS
Document summarizes materials, hazards, safety procedures for spills, safety requirements
SDS for Lysol Spray
SDS for Energizer Alkaline Batteries

15. Protect Environment- Disposal
Batteries
Lead, cadmium, lithium, alkaline manganese, and mercury DO NOT DECAY
Recycle Li-ion, Ni-Cd, Ni-Mh, and lead-acid
Monitors
Glass, metal, plastic, lead
Recycle
Toner & Ink
Recycle or refill
Cleaning chemicals or Cans of air
Not down sink/drain
Aerosol cans can overheat & explode!
You can be fined for improper disposal.

16. Activity
TestOut Practice Questions (10)

17. Review- 3Q
What items are hazardous & need to be disposed of specially?
Batteries, monitors, toner
Before you work on a PC, you should…
Turn off & unplug it
To reduce a chance if ESD, you should use mats on two places. Where?
Desk & floor

18. Review- 4Q
Where should you store parts, like hard drives & NICs when not in a computer?
Antistatic bag
What can cause EMI?
Motors, power lines, lightning
T or F. Before you work on a monitor, you should clip the antistatic strap to the desk.
False
What document describes chemical ingredients & spill cleanup process?
SDS

19. Proper Use of Tools

20. Hardware Tools Get a handy-dandy toolkit Types of tools to have:
ESD tools
Hand tools
Cleaning tools
Diagnostic tools

21. ESD Tools Antistatic wrist strap Antistatic mat
Protects when grounded to a computer chassis
Antistatic mat
Protects by preventing static electricity from accumulating on the hardware or on the technician

22. Activity Identify the Hand Tools, Cable Tools & Cleaning Tools Handout
TestOut Practice Questions (11)

23. Diagnostic Tools Multimeter Loopback adapter Power Supply Tester
Cable Tester
Tone Generator & Probe
WiFi Analyzer
External HD Enclosure
Tone generator & probe- link for video- connects to cable and sends a tone through it. The probe can run along the cable listening for & playing the tone. For tracing cables.
WiFi Analyzer- displays wireless networks, signal strengths, help position APs

24. Disk Management Tools
Disk Management – Creates/formats partitions on HD
Format – Erases all
Scandisk or Chkdsk – Checks the integrity of files and folders on a hard drive by scanning the file system. Also checks the disk surface for physical errors
Optimize drive (Defrag) – Optimizes space on HD to allow faster access to data
Disk Cleanup – Clears space on a hard drive
System File Checker (SFC) – Scans OS critical files and replaces any files that are corrupted
XP & up uses Disk Management– SHOW IT
Scandisk (OLD, Win 9x); CHKDSK (watch video)

25. Disk Management Tools

26. Software Tools- Protection Software
Windows Action Center
Checks the status of essential security settings
Continuously checks to make sure firewall & AV running
Ensures automatic updates are set to download & install automatically
Antivirus Program/Windows Defender
Protects against virus attacks & spyware
Windows Firewall
Runs continuously to protect against unauthorized communications to and from your computer
To protect data & integrity of the OS/software

27. Software Tools- Protection Software

28. Activity 2.2.2.3 Worksheet - Diagnostic Software Handout
TestOut Install a UPS Lab
TestOut Practice Questions (9)

29. Reference Tools Keep repairs documented! Use the Internet for help
Keep notes
Journal all activities
Repair log
Use the Internet for help

30. Review- 4Q
What process moves parts of files closer together on a hard drive?
Defrag
What process will clean up temporary files you got from going on the Internet?
Disk cleanup
Define a brownout.
Reduced voltage for a period of time
What tool can measure voltage or check a cable’s continuity?
Multimeter

31. Review- 3Q Which screwdriver has a straight end?
Flathead
Which XP CLI utility scans for corrupted OS files & replaces them?
System file checker
What is best at removing dust in a PC?
Compressed air

32. Demonstrate Proper Tool Use

33. Using the Antistatic Wrist Strap
Wrap around wrist
Clip to unpainted metal case
DO NOT wear one if repairing a power supply or monitor
Self ground- touch metal part of case first
DEMO this!
Although wearing a wrist strap helps prevent ESD, you can further reduce the risks by not wearing clothing made of silk, polyester, or wool. These fabrics are more likely to generate a static charge.
Note: Technicians should roll up their sleeves, remove scarves or ties, and tuck in shirts to prevent interference from clothing. Ensure that earrings, necklaces, and other loose jewelry are properly secured.

34. Using the Antistatic Mat
DO NOT work on PC on carpeted area
Lay mat on desk
Clip mat to the case

35. Using Hand Tools Use proper screwdriver
Stripped screw
DO NOT use magnetized tools around computers
Could be harmful to data or induce a current
How can you tell if one is?

36. Cleaning Materials
Dust traps heat
TURN OFF DEVICE BEFORE YOU CLEAN IT

37. Activity 2.2.4.4 Lab - Using a Multimeter and a Power Supply Tester
Lab - Testing UTP Cables Using a Loopback Plug and a Cable Meter

38. Cisco Computer Disassembly Video
Project
Lab - Computer Disassembly
Cisco Computer Disassembly Video
16:03

39. Review- 4Q What should you clip the wrist strap to?
Unpainted metal part of the case
It looks like the heat sink is a bit dusty. What should you use to clean it?
Compressed air
Let’s say you have to replace RAM in a computer but you don’t have a wrist strap. What should you do?
Place computer on a table (not a rug) and touch a metal part of the case to ground yourself.
You are fixing a PC with Windows 98. What software tool checks the integrity of files and folders?
Scandisk

40. Review

41. Summary Some of the important concepts to remember from this chapter:
Work in a safe manner to protect users and equipment.
Follow all safety guidelines to prevent injuries to yourself and others.
Know how to protect equipment from ESD damage.
Know about and be able to prevent power issues that can cause equipment damage or data loss.

42. Summary
Know which products and supplies require special disposal procedures.
Familiarize yourself with the MSDS for safety issues and disposal restrictions to help protect the environment.
Be able to use the correct tools for the task.
Know how to clean components safely.
Use organizational tools during computer repairs.

43. Chapter 2 Lab Procedures & Tool Use
PC Support & Repair
Chapter 2
Lab Procedures & Tool Use