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Normal bone architecture
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Early osteoporotic changes
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Loss of trabeculation Increased lacunar space
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INVESTIGATIONS
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Rule out other reasons ( Normal chemical parameters)
Only investigation available to measure bone mass is Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
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PREVENTIVE AND THERAPEUTIC MEASURES
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Increase bone mass at childhood
Avoid obesity Exposure to sunlight Encourage exercises Calcium intake Avoid certain medications
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Daily Calcium Requirement
Children 600mg/day Adolescents (growth spurt) 750mg/day Adults 1g/day Pregnant women, postmenopausal and patients with fractures 1.5g/day Breast-feeding women 2g/day
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How to prevent fractures
Avoid high strenuous activities Walking aids Slippery floors Healthy bending habits
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