1. Using Quotations
English 1101

2. First things first…
A citation is where you tell the author and page number of the source. You are citing the information.
Example
The author says, “Florida State students are always successful after graduation” (Smith 45).
This is the citation. It is in parenthesis, after the end of the quote. It includes the author’s last name and the page number. There are NO COMMAS used. A period goes outside of the parenthesis.

3. Quotes are used as SUPPORT.
When should you quote?
When you use more than 3 words in a row from a source
Example
Comparing the two women’s background shows the “generational differences in the experiences of African American women” (Hartmann 182).
When you use an unusual or significant word
Example
In a TV interview, Jackson showed off his “slam jam” dance move (Miller 55).

4. When should you NOT quote?
To fill space
As a substitute for your own thinking
Use quotes ONLY as support for your own ideas

5. Always SANDWICH your quotes with your words
Your words introducing the quote  Quote  Your words explaining the quote
Your words = The top bread
The quote = The meat
Your words = The bottom bread
Example:
The author believes the group had flaws. She writes, “The agency was an imperfect example of how a group should function” (King 3). Some of the imperfections listed by King include lack of membership and dishonest principles.

6. There are 2 types of quotes
Type #1: Block quotes
If a quote is more than 4 typed lines of your paper, you should use a block quote format.
Set off with 10 spaces or 2 tab marks.
Introduce block quote with your own complete sentence and a colon.
Pay attention to how to cite a block quote.
In the book, the author argues that the environment is more responsible for crime:
A five-minute visit to your local underclass neighborhood will leave you with no shortage of non-genetic explanations for the crime rate. (Link 35)
Changes in society, not in biology, are responsible for the rise in crime.
Each line of quote is indented 10 spaces.

7. Type #2: Integrated quotes (more common than block quotes)
This type of quote is integrated into your own writing. It is part of your paragraph, not separate like a block quote.
The citation for an integrated quote is different than a block quote.
Always introduce integrated quotes with your own words.
There are 4 different ways to do this.
Introduce with a verb and a comma
Introduce with a complete sentence and a colon
Run your sentence and your quotation together
Quote only certain words

8. Introducing a quote with a verb and a comma
claim is the verb and it is followed by a comma
The editors claim, “Given the family structures and role models, society should take responsibility for the crime” (Mills 45).
Citation includes the author’s last name in parenthesis and the page number. There are NO COMMAS. A period goes outside of the parenthesis.
No period or comma at the end of the quote. Only include the punctuation if it is a question mark or exclamation point.

9. Introducing a quote with a complete sentence and a colon
Complete sentence followed by a colon
COLON
The editors claim that social factors are to blame: “Given the family structures and role models, society should take responsibility for the crime” (Mills 45).
Citation

10. Running your sentence and quotation together
The quote and your own writing come together to form one complete sentence. There is no punctuation used between your introduction and the quote.
The editors claim that “society should take responsibility for the crime” (Mills 45).
citation

11. Quoting only certain words
Use your own words to sandwich the quoted words.
The editors claim that based upon “family structures and role models,” influences from society are to blame (Mills 45).
citation

12. Two special cases… What if you want to leave words out of a quote?
Use an ellipsis (3 periods in a row) surrounded by brackets
Based upon “family structures […] society should take responsibility for the crime” (Mills 45).
What if you want to add words to a quote? (Do this if you need to explain something further or give an example)
Mark the added words with brackets
The editors claim, “Given the family structures [such as high divorce rates] and role models, society should take responsibility for the crime” (Mills 45).

13. Using the following quote,
practice the Introducing
a quote with a verb…
“I’m a man who discovered the wheel and built the Eiffel Tower out of metal and brawn. That’s what kind of man I am. You’re just a woman with a small brain. With a brain a third the size of us. It’s science.”
– Ron burgundy, page 20

14. Example of a quote introduced with a verb…
Burgundy explains, “You’re just a woman with a small brain” (20).

15. Using the following quote,
practice introducing a quote
With a complete sentence
And a colon…
“I’m a man who discovered the wheel and built the Eiffel Tower out of metal and brawn. That’s what kind of man I am. You’re just a woman with a small brain. With a brain a third the size of us. It’s science.”
– Ron burgundy, page 20

16. Example of introducing a quote with a complete sentence and a colon…
Burgundy looks down upon women: “You’re just a woman with a small brain. With a brain the third the size of us. It’s science” (20).

17. Using the following quote,
practice running the quote
Together with your
Sentence…
“I’m a man who discovered the wheel and built the Eiffel Tower out of metal and brawn. That’s what kind of man I am. You’re just a woman with a small brain. With a brain a third the size of us. It’s science.”
– Ron burgundy, page 20

18. Example of introducing a quote by running the quote together with your sentence…
Burgundy believes that he “built the Eiffel Tower out of metal and brawn” (20).

19. Using the following quote,
practice quoting only
Certain words…
“I’m a man who discovered the wheel and built the Eiffel Tower out of metal and brawn. That’s what kind of man I am. You’re just a woman with a small brain. With a brain a third the size of us. It’s science.”
– Ron burgundy, page 20

20. Example of quoting only certain words…
Burgundy claims that it is “science” that a man’s brain is three times as large as the brain of a woman (20).