1. CITATION, REFERENCING AND BIBLIOGRAPHY…
PLAGIARISM
CITATION, REFERENCING AND BIBLIOGRAPHY…
Lecture B_Plagiarism

2. WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?
The Australian English Dictionary defines Plagiarism as, “STEALING IDEAS, PASSAGES, ETC…from someone else’s work and PRESENTING it as your own.”
Lecture B_Plagiarism

3. Facts on Plagiarism – STEALING Is an offence Not acceptable
Unethical/Unauthorized
Penalties
FAILURE
Lecture B_Plagiarism

4. Ways to use ideas? Quotations – using ideas in inverted commas
Citations – embedded in the body but gives reference to the author
Endnotes/Footnotes – gives credit to any borrowed material through citation
Referencing – is the acknowledgment of published and unpublished materials
Bibliography – list of books on a subject; list of sources in a book
Lecture B_Plagiarism

5. QUOTATION:
Using inverted commas/quotation marks “….” you can borrow ideas from other authors
However you must give reference to the authors
Borrowed ideas can be indented or incorporated in the body of the work
Author’s name, year of publication and page number in brackets
Example: “The reader needs to know the important views…..” (Eisenberg 1998, p.5)
Lecture B_Plagiarism

6. CITATION:
Citation is work/ideas that are either directly quoted, paraphrased or summarised
Ideas that are borrowed and embedded in the body of the work that denotes a bibliographic reference
Its uses abbreviated alphanumeric expressions
Example; In a study (Seedhouse,1997) coping with illness was investigated…
Lecture B_Plagiarism

7. ENDNOTES/FOOTNOTES:
Footnotes and Endnotes both give credit to sources of borrowed material/s
Difference –
- Footnotes are placed numerically at the foot of the very same page where the direct reference is made
Endnotes are place numerically at the end of the essay on a separate page entitled Endnotes/Notes
Only ONE sentence is used i.e., only one period or full stop is used
Example: 2 G. Wayne Miller, King of Hearts: The True Story (New York: Times, 2000) 245.
Lecture B_Plagiarism

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY
With all your citations, quoting and referencing there must be some acknowledgement of the sources
Must appear on a separate page
In alphabetical order according to the Author’s surname (not numbered)
Format: Surname, Initial of first name., (YOP) TOB. (bolded italized or underlined) POP, Publisher.
Example:
Sligo, F., (1990) Conflict Management: a New Zealand
Handbook. Wellington, GP Books.
Lecture B_Plagiarism

9. Conclusion Remember and understand – - plagiarism is stealing
- there are penalties and will NOT be tolerated
- always acknowledge ideas and works of others
- USE THE METHODS learnt
from this lecture & tutorials.
Lecture B_Plagiarism