3. The Chola Empire during Rajendra Chola I, c. 1030Chola Empire Carbon datingCarbon dating on ash mounds associated with Neolithic cultures in South India date back to 8000 BCE. Artefacts such as ground stone axes, and minor copper objects have been found in the region. Towards the beginning of 1000 BCE, iron technology spread through the region; however, there does not appear to be a fully developed Bronze Age preceding the Iron Age in South India. [3] The region was in the middle of a trade route that extended from Muziris to Arikamedu linking the Mediterranean and East Asia. [4][5] Trade with Phoenicians, Romans, Greeks, Arabs, Syrians, Jews and Chinese began from the Sangam period (c. 3rd century BC to c. 4th century AD). [6] Neolithiciron technologyBronze Age [3]MuzirisArikamedu MediterraneanEast Asia [4][5] PhoeniciansRomansGreeksArabsSyrians JewsChineseSangam period [6]

5. Climatic condition Tamil Nadu Climate The state of Tamil Nadu has a tropical climate, with little difference between the summer and winter temperature. April and May are the hottest months of the year. During the summers temperature shoots up to 40 degrees centigrade and above. Coastal regions too get hot and humid during these months Karnataka Climate Karnataka in southern India experience a better climate as compared to the other south Indian states. The climate of the state is typical tropical type. The central and northern parts of the state experience hot weather during the months of April and May Kerala Climate The state of Kerala remains pleasant for most part of the year. It has a tropical climate too. April to June is the summer time, with the maximum temperature remaining around 33 degrees centigrade. The monsoon season begins in the month of June and continues till September. Andhra Pradesh Climate The summer season extends from March to June. During these months, the maximum temperature in most parts of the state records around 28 degrees centigrade. The coastal plains, however, get too hot during the summer season with the temperature reaching a high of 42 degrees centigrade in some places. In the plateau region, summers are cooler though.

7. Festivals.

8. Padayani (Kerala) Padayani is one of the most colorful and popular dances of Southern Kerala. Padayani is associated with the festival of certain temples, called Padayani or Paddeni. Kummi (Tamil Nadu) Kummi is a popular folk dance of Tamil Nadu. Kummi dance is performed by tribal women during festivals. Kummi is a simple folk dance where dancers form circles and clap in rhythmic way.folk dance of Tamil Nadu Kolattam 'Kollattam' or the stick dance is one of the most popular dances of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Kolattam is derived from Kol (a small stick) and Attam (play). It is also called as Kolannalu or Kolkolannalu. Kolattam dance is a combination of rhythmic movements, songs and music and is performed during local village festivals. Kolattam is known by different names in different states of India. The Kolattam group consists of dancers in the range of 8 to 40. Perini The Perini Thandavam is a male dance of the warriors. As a part of tradition, the warriors performed this dominant dance in front of the idol of Nataraja or Lord Shiva, before leaving for the battlefield

10. Andhra dishes TiffinsTiffins,Pickles Curries Pappu Pulusu ChaaruPicklesCurriesPappuPulusuChaaru Popular Kerala dishes Vegetarian Non-vegetarian: Snacks: Breakfast: Tamil food Gravy dishes to be mixed in riceAccompaniments, Standalone snacks, DessertFast foods, or light mealsChettinad cuisine

11. Carnatic music, Karnā ṭ aka sa ṃ gīta or Karnā ṭ aka sa ṅ gītam is a system of music commonly associated with the southern India including the modern statessouthern India Andhra PradeshAndhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, andTelanganaKarnatakaKerala Tamil Nadu, but also practiced in Sri Lanka.Tamil NaduSri Lanka [1][2] [1][2] It is one of two main subgenres of Indian classical musicIndian classical music that evolved from ancient Hindu traditions, the otherHindu subgenre being Hindustani music, which emergedHindustani music as a distinct form because of Persian and Islamic influences in northern India. The main emphasis in Carnatic music is on vocal music; most compositions are written to be sung, and even when played on instruments, they are meant to be performed in gāyaki (singing) style.

12. South India is the area encompassing the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana as well as the union territories of Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep and Puducherry, occupying 19.31% of India's area (635,780 km 2 or 245,480 sq mi). Covering the southern part of the peninsular Deccan Plateau, South India is bounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west and the Indian Ocean in the south. The geography of the region is diverse with two mountain ranges - the Western and Eastern Ghats, bordering the plateau heartland. Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Tungabhadra and Vaigai rivers are important non-perennial sources of water. Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Coimbatore and Kochi are the largest urban areasIndian statesAndhra PradeshKarnatakaKeralaTamil Nadu Telanganaunion territoriesAndaman and NicobarLakshadweepPuducherrypeninsularDeccan PlateauBay of BengalArabian SeaIndian OceanWestern Eastern Ghatsplateau GodavariKrishnaKaveriTungabhadraVaigaiperennial BangaloreChennaiHyderabadCoimbatoreKochilargest urban areas