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Mechanical Energy -Potential & Kinetic Energy

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Presentation on theme: "Mechanical Energy -Potential & Kinetic Energy"— Presentation transcript:

1 Mechanical Energy -Potential & Kinetic Energy

2 States of Energy The most common energy conversion is the conversion between potential and kinetic energy. All forms of energy can be in either of two states: Potential Kinetic

3 States of Energy: Kinetic and Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion. Potential Energy is stored energy.

4 Kinetic Energy Depends on both mass and velocity.
Measured in Joules (J) The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has. The greater the mass of a moving object, the more kinetic energy it has.

5 Kinetic Energy (J) (kg) (m/s) K.E. = mass x velocity2 2 What has a greater affect of kinetic energy - mass or velocity? Why?

6 Practice Calculating Kinetic Energy K.E. = m x v2 2
What is the kinetic energy of a 45 kg object moving at 13 m/sec? m = v = KE = What is the kinetic energy of a 57 kg object that moves 16m in 4s?

7 Potential Energy Measured in Joules (J)
Potential Energy is stored energy. Stored chemically: fuel, the nucleus of atom, and in foods. Stored because of the position /work done on it: Stretching a rubber band. Winding a watch. Pulling back on a bow’s arrow. Lifting a brick high in the air.

8 Elastic Potential Energy
Energy that is stored due to being stretched or compressed is called elastic potential energy.

9 Gravitational Potential Energy
Potential energy that is dependent on height is called gravitational potential energy. A waterfall, a suspension bridge, and a falling snowflake all have gravitational potential energy

10 Gravitational Potential Energy
G.P.E. = Weight X Height. Remember: weight = mass x gravity (J) (N) (m) (N) (kg) (9.8 m/s2)

11 Practice Calculating Gravitational Potential Energy GPE = Weight x h
37 N object is lifted to a height of 3 meters. What is the potential energy of this object? Weight = h = GPE = A 30 kg child climbs 15 meters up a tree. When he stops to have a look around, what is the child’s potential energy?

12 Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion
Roller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a great deal of potential energy. From that point, the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers the cars throughout the entire ride.

13 Kinetic vs. Potential Energy
At the point of maximum potential energy, the car has minimum kinetic energy.

14 Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversions
As a basketball player throws the ball into the air, various energy conversions take place.

15 Ball speeds up Ball slows down

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