1. CYBERBULLYING IN FRANCE: EXPLORATORY
ANALYSIS OF CYBERBULLYING, COPING MECHANISMS AND ……………………...VULNERABILITY FACTORS
REMOND J-J., ROMO L.,
International Conference on the Cyberbullying by COST IS0801, Juin 2012 – Paris, FRANCE
Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense. Laboratoire Evaclipsy .
CONTEXT
OBJECTIVE
Legislation on cyberbullying has no legal definition in France. Only the CNIL is responsible for ensuring the rights of ICTs. This year, legislative changes have been established in France on Bullying.
Research indicates an estimated 10% to 30% of children are forced to endure teasing and bullying during the school day (Nansel et al, 2001). Almost 54% of the students reported being cyberbullied (Li, 2005).
The use of retaliation is common by male victims (Houbre et al, 2006).
Cyberbullying would create social anxiety and depression (Wang, 2010).
Studies have shown a high prevalence of ADHD for cyberbullying victims.
Victims often believe they are responsible for bringing bullying on themselves, resulting in the use of maladaptive coping strategies (Smokowski & Kopasz, 2005).
To evaluate the proportion of cyberbullying victims in France among young people and adults. To understand the processes involved and explore the comorbidities, phobic anxiety and depression, etc. Finally, to show that there are adaptive mechanisms, such as coping and resilience.
METHODOLOGY
 POPULATION AND RECRUITMENT :
▪ 272 French people : students recruited in schools and adult on Internet.
▪ 62% of women
▪ Mean age = 18 years (SD 5.43)
 TOOLS :
▪ Questionnaires of Cyberbullying (Smith and Shariff)
▪ HAD ( Hospital Anxiety and Depression )
▪ LSAS (Liebowitz scale on the social phobia)
▪ BVAQ (Alexithymia scale)
▪ WURS and ASRS (evaluation of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
▪ HDS (Hurt Dispositions Scale of Negel)
▪ BRS (Brief Resilience scale of BW Smith)
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 1 : Report of Cyberbullying involvement by students and adults.
- Results revealed that 34,93% of French people reported a probable cyberbullying problem.
These results confirm the data of Li (2005) and Shapka (2012) on the proportion of cyberbullying victim.
The score of cyberbullying is correlated positively with alexithymia, depression, anxiety, social phobia, and ADHD.
- The resilience scale showed the importance to understood the coping strategies.
Questionnaire of Cyberbullying
Men
Women
Total
Bullying only
9,90%
1,80%
4,78%
Cyberbullying
27,72%
39,52%
34,93%
Both
2,97%
5,99%
None
71,29%
55,09%
61%
Has already harassed someone
14,85%
18,56%
16,91%
Table 3 : Proportion of people who reported harassment to somebody
Table 2 : Percentage of subjects with positive score
Positive score to :
Fear Score *
Avoidance Score
Alexithymia Score
ADHD Score
Anxiety Score
Depression Score
Cyberbullying
11% 9%
62%
52%
15%
21%
Bullying only 8%
23%
CONCLUSION
Screening problem of Cyberbullying among adolescents and adults is necessary because there are few studies in France who indicate the prevalence, mainly for adults. Results indicate the importance of further study of cyberbullying in France, because its association with depression, anxiety, social phobia, alexithymia and ADHD are distinct from traditional forms of bullying and no harassment. 1 1
Références bibliographiques
- Law D. M. (2011). The changing face of bullying: An empirical comparison between traditional and internet bullying and victimization. Computer in Human Behavior,
- Ortega R. (2009). The emotional impact on victims of traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Journal of Psychology,
- Menesini E. (2011). The measurement of Cyberbullying: Dimensional structure and relative item severity and discrimination. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking.