1. Establishing Modern China
Chapter 24, Section 1
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2. China’s Last Dynasty Qing dynasty - china’s last and largest empire
Chinese population doubled between 1644 and the mid- 1800’s
difficult time producing food
shortages, famines, and wars brought the empire to an end

3. The Opium War Qing rulers faced a problem - opium
the drug was outlawed
British smuggled opium from India
Brits used opium to trade with China as opposed to money $
1st opium war - China lost - Treaty of Nanking
Chinese paid the Brits money and handed over Hong Kong

4. The Rise of Nationalism
Taiping Rebellion - angry peasants over the lost war
war lasted 14 years
20 million died
Boxer Rebellion
Boxers wanted the Qing dynasty out & foreign interests
Boxers lost - government fell into turmoil

5. A New Republic western educated Chinese wanted democracy
Sun Yat-Sen - founded the CNP in 1911
toppled Qing dynasty
republic in 1912
communist party began to grow after WW I

6. The Fight for Control nationalists and communists fight for control
communists retreat - the long march
more than 100,000 communists marched 6,000 miles fleeing the nationalists
some improvements occurred gov’t, transportation, education & Industry
peasants and workers suffered - turned to mao

7. Communist Revolution
nationalists turned to Mao (communists) for help during WW II
united in their fight against the Japanese
communists seize control
Shek & nationalists flee to Taiwan
October 1, PRC

8. Reform & Revolution Mao had absolute power
seized land from the wealthy and gave it to the poor
industry came under gov’t control
collective farms were created - people working together
1958 Great Leap Forward - “big step backwards” a total disaster - shattered economy

9. The Cultural Revolution
mao felt he was losing power and people wanted capitalism
launched the cultural revolution in 1966
opposition was removed
the red guard punished people who spoke against the communist party
the country fell into disarray... what’s next?

10. The Cultural Revolution 1966 - 1976
Propaganda