1. Day 1 question
What similarity did early Buddhism and early Christianity share?
Support for caste hierarchy
Requirement to total celibacy for men
Allowance of women to enter monastic life
Prohibition of conversion

2. Today 9/ and 9/ Chapter 2 Day 1
Practice Question
Reading Quiz
Lecture
Exit
Objective:
You will be able to discuss the political structure of China and how it is connected with its religious philosophy (Theme 2 & 3)

3. Ancient China

4. Key Ideas Dynastic Cycle Centralization Bureaucracy Confucianism
Discuss: What is this????
Bureaucracy
Confucianism

5. Info Oldest River Valley Civilization Discuss:
Why has the distinct Chinese identity lasted so long???
Doesn’t mean nothing ever changed
Instead the identity remained stable

7. What is a Dynasties????? 1 2 6 3 5 4

8. Scope of Chinese Dynasties
Shang Dynasty 1766 BCE BCE
Zhou Dynasty 1122 BCE -256 BCE
Qin Dynasty 221 BCE BCE
Han Dynasty 206 BCE - 220AD
Sui Dynasty 589 AD AD
Tang Dynasty 618 AD AD
Sung Dynasty 969 AD AD
Yuan Dynasty 1279 AD AD
Ming Dynasty 1368 AD AD
Manchu or Qing Dynasty 1644 AD AD
1912 – 1949 Nationalism and Communism
1949 – present Communism

9. The Song
Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han Sui, Tang, Song Yuan, Ming, Qing, The Republic Mao Zedong

10. Reference Points Egypt  Neolithic, Shang Assyria  Zhou Greece  Qin
Roman Empire  Han
Dark Ages  Jin, Sui
Charlemagne  Tang
Feudalism in Europe  Song, Yuan
Renaissance  Ming
Industrial Revolution  Qing

11. General Development Ancient Classical
Arises along Huanghe River Valley develops in relative isolation
Strong central political organization (Shang)
Advanced Technology
First Classical society to develop
Has the closest ties to its ancient past of all the other civilization
Isolation saves them from invasion
First Dynasty (Shang) sets precedents

12. Political (Pre-Classical)
Xia Dynasty (pre-classical):
Around 2200 BCE
Still a lot of questions about this dynasty
Founded by King Yu
Shang Dynasty (pre-classical)
BCE
Warrior Kings
Moved a lot

13. Political (Classical)
Zhou Dynasty
BCE Longest lasting dynasty in China
1st real dynasty but not complete yet
Not centralized it still had regional governments with a lot of power
Development of the Middle Kingdom and Mandate of Heaven
Created a unifying language: Mandarin
Discuss: Why was a common language so important?

14. Zhou continued Developed Confucianism
Beginning of the ideas of centralization
When the dynasty fell it could have ended like India
Discuss: HOW/WHY????
But the developing philosophies and centralization helped keep China together
PLUS a strong leader takes over

15. Political (Classical)
Qin Dynasty
BCE
Shi Huangdi—First “Emperor”
This is when the strong central government is created
Very strict and harsh government
Legalism
Many innovations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

16. Qin Continued Shi Huangdi changed the regional control
Discuss: Why did they still need regions????
Bureaucrats instead of the strong family ties
Another layer in the growing centralization

17. How does it fit into the Dynastic Cycle?

18. Political Cont (Classical)
Han Dynasty
206BCE – 220 CE (one of the longest and strongest)
Wu Ti
Continued to encourage Confucian thought
This becomes stronger in Political life (centralization)
Other Bureaucratic systems grew
Exam system
Expanded China’s territory
Allowed for some trade

19. Confucianism Confucian ideas Gave bureaucracy a common belief system
Fundamentally moral and ethical in character
Restore political and social order; stress ritual
Gave bureaucracy a common belief system
Wrote the Analects
Principle of Jen:
“Do not do to others what you would not like them to do to you”

20. 5 Relationships of Confucianism
Father and Son
Elder brother and younger brother
Husband and wife
Older friend and younger friend
Ruler and subject

21. Discuss: How did Confucianism support Political structure?
Superior men should serve not be glorified
Welfare of common people
Common people respect overlords
Loyalty and obedience holds the society together

22. Daoism Prominent critics of Confucianism Laozi and Zhuangzi
Understand natural principles, live in harmony with them
Laozi and Zhuangzi
Laozi, founder of Daoism; wrote the Daodejing
Philosophical Daoism
Dao - The way of nature, the way of the cosmos
Opposites in balance, complementary

23. Legalism The doctrine of statecraft Doctrine used by Qin dynasty
Promoted a practical and ruthlessly efficient approach
No concern with ethics and morality
No concern with the principles governing nature
Discouraged art, and literature
Doctrine used by Qin dynasty
Called for harsh penalties even for minor infractions
Not popular among the Chinese

24. Economic Government played an active role in the economy
Standardized currency
Maintained a surplus in order to control prices
Trade was focused on luxury items
India
Silks, jewelry, leather, furniture
High tax
Merchants are no looked upon favorably

25. Social Rural or agricultural society Social stratification Emphasis on
Small groups of people living far from each other within the confines of the “civilization”
Social stratification
Landowners and bureaucrats 2%
Laborers, peasants and artisans
Merchants were not good
Emphasis on
Family!!!!!!!!!!!!
Proper behavior and obedience
Patriarchal society

26. Intellectual/Arts
Art was created in a detailed, proportional, and balanced manner
Nature was emphasized
Often very decorative
Jade, pottery, ivory, bronze, and silk
Calligraphy

27. Intellectuals/Art Cont
Many innovations
364.5 days per year
Movement of the planets
Seismographs
Advanced medical knowledge
Acoustics
Architecture
Inventions
Paper, compass, water mills, porcelain, silk, plows

28. Today 9/ & 9/ Chapter 2 Day 2 Objective:
Practice Question
Review
Work on PERSAN Chart
Primary Source work (pg 42)
Exit
Objective:
You will be able to discuss the political structure of China and how it is connected with its religious philosophy (Theme 2 & 3)

29. Day 2 question
Which of the following best describes how Chinese imperial elites viewed their civilization in relation to the rest of the world?
China was a unique and superior civilization surrounded by barbarians of one sort or another
China was an intermediary civilization whose main role was to facilitate the exchange of trade items and ideas between surrounding and more advanced societies
China was one member of a peer group of advanced civilizations
China was a rising civilization learning from and preparing to overtake existing world power