1. CHEM 106
The Periodic Table
and
Atoms & Nucleii

2. The Periodic Table View: ‪The genius of Mendeleev's periodic table
Lou Serico‬

3. Los Alamos National Lab
Periodic Table (May 2016)
Los Alamos National Lab
Elements in Song

4. Scientists Name 4 New Elements On The Periodic Table
NPR (National Public Radio)
June 9, 2016
Richard Gonzales

5. What are the names of 113, 115, 117 and 118?

6. The Periodic Table In Song & Fable

8. This particle is said to “hold” or “bond” atoms together in molecules.
CHEMISTRY of the Atom
FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES:
Mass Charge Symbol
Nucleus:
PROTON amu H+, H, p
1.67 x kg
NEUTRON amu n
_________________________________________
ELECTRON very small e -
 2000 x smaller than a proton or neutron
This particle is said to “hold” or “bond” atoms together in molecules.

9. CHEMISTRY of the Atom

10. CHEMISTRY of the Atom
Atoms (neutral electrostatic charge: # protons = # electrons )
# Protons = Atomic Number
Atomic Mass = # Protons + # of Neutrons
Isotope: same atomic number but different atomic mass (different # of neutrons) eg. hydrogen, deuterium and deuterium, or sodium below

11. QUESTION

12. Answer

13. Nuclear Decay / Radioactivity
Unstable nuclei “decay” i.e. they lose particles which lead to other elements and isotopes.
The elements and isotopes produced may also be unstable and go through further decay.

14. Nuclear Decay / Radioactivity

15. http://chemconnections. org/general/movies/radioactivityofeverydayob

16. Radioactive Decay Lantern mantle-Thorium Fiesta Plate-Uranium
Polonium-
Cobalt

17. Nuclear Particles emitted from unstable nucleii
Emitted Particles:
Mass Charge Symbol
alpha particle 4 amu
beta particle very small
gamma very very small

18. Nuclear Penetrating Power
alpha particle: low
beta particle: moderate
gamma: high
X-rays?
Water

19. Number of Stable Isotopes (Nuclides)
Elements 48 through 54
Atomic Number of
Element Number (Z) Nuclides Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
have a higher average binding energy per nucleon than one would expect based upon predictions such as the semi-empirical mass formula and are hence more stable against nuclear decay
Magic numbers are 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, or 82 protons or neutrons.
Even numbers of protons and neutrons are more stable than odd.

20. Distribution of Stable Nuclides
Protons Neutrons Stable Nuclides %
Even Even
Even Odd
Odd Even
Odd Odd
Total =
267
100.0%

21. The ring finger hand of Mrs. Element #111.
Medical X-Rays
Hand mit Ringen (Hand with Rings): print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" X-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to Ludwig Zehnder of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896
Marie Skłodowska Curie (/ˈkjʊri, kjʊˈriː/;[2] French: [kyʁi]; Polish: [kʲiˈri]; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934), born Maria Salomea Skłodowska [ˈmarja salɔˈmɛa skwɔˈdɔfska], was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and only woman to win twice, the only person to win twice in multiple sciences, and was part of the Curie family legacy of five Nobel Prizes. She was also the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris, and in 1995 became the first woman to be entombed on her own merits in the Panthéon in Paris.
She was born in Warsaw, in what was then the Kingdom of Poland, part of the Russian Empire. She studied at Warsaw's clandestine Floating University and began her practical scientific training in Warsaw. In 1891, aged 24, she followed her older sister Bronisława to study in Paris, where she earned her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific work. She shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with her husband Pierre Curie and with physicist Henri Becquerel. She won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Her achievements included the development of the theory of radioactivity (a term that she coined[3][4][5]), techniques for isolating radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of two elements, polonium and radium. Under her direction, the world's first studies were conducted into the treatment of neoplasms, using radioactive isotopes. She founded the Curie Institutes in Paris and in Warsaw, which remain major centres of medical research today. During World War I, she established the first military field radiological centres.
First Medical X-Ray (1895)
The ring finger hand of Mrs. Element #111.

22. CHEMISTRY of the Atom
Isotopes vary in their relative natural abundance.
Periodic Table’s atomic mass is a weighted average of all isotopic masses
The mass of sodium, Na, element #11 is listed as amu. Which isotope is naturally present in the larger amount: the isotope with 12 neutrons or with 13 neutrons? (There is a small percentage of the isotope with 11 neutrons.)

23. QUESTION
Two stable isotopes of an element have isotopic masses of amu and amu. The atomic mass is Which isotope is more abundant?
A) There is insufficient information to answer the question.
B) There are equal amounts of each isotope.
C) The isotope with a mass of amu is more abundant.
D) The isotope with a mass of amu is more abundant.
Correct Answer: D
Question Number: 10

24. Answer
Two stable isotopes of an element have isotopic masses of amu and amu. The atomic mass is Which isotope is more abundant?
A) There is insufficient information to answer the question.
B) There are equal amounts of each isotope.
C) The isotope with a mass of amu is more abundant.
D) The isotope with a mass of amu is more abundant.
Correct Answer: D
Question Number: 10

25. CHEMISTRY of the Atom Atomic Mass of Carbon:
What is the “weighted” atomic mass?
x 98.98/ x =

26. CHEMISTRY of the Atom Atomic Mass of Carbon:
What is the “weighted” atomic mass?
x 98.98/ x = =
12.01

27. K K 39 19 39 Atomic Symbols Mass number   Element Symbol
Atomic number  39 K
Also written as 

28. CHEMISTRY of the Atom Atomic Number = 6 (atom’s identity) Carbon
Atomic Mass = 13 (isotope 13)
6 protons; # neutrons =
neutral atom has 6 electrons

29. QUESTION

30. None of the isotopes has an exact mass of 12.011.
Answer