1. Islamic Culture

2. Government Sunni, Shia develop after Muhammad’s death
Disagreement over who should lead
Sunni Wisest member of lead tribe
Shia, Shi’ite Descendant of Muhammad
Abu Bakr 1st caliph
Caliph head of Muslim community

3. Sunni vs. Shia/Shiite Sunni Shia/Shiite
Believed caliphs should be elected
Make up 90% of all Muslims
“Orthodox Islam”
Shia/Shiite
Claim leaders should be related to Muhammad
Extremists
Today’s tension linked more to ethnic groups
Not religion

5. Umayyad Clan 661 1st hereditary caliphate Damascus capital
Successful military campaign
Islam, skill, and treasure key
Appointed own admins.
Tolerated other cultures

6. Abbasid Clan 750 Overthrew Umayyad Capital Baghdad Empire too large
Major world power
2nd to Changan (Xi’an)
Empire too large
Hard to control
Muslim culture spread Spain to Indonesia
Dal al-Islam used by travelers