1. Data Analysis & Graphing
Creating a Data Table
Choosing the Right Graph
Creating A Graph
Interpreting Data on a Graph

2. Data Tables
Data Tables organize the data collected from observations and experiments.
They are useful because the information is organized.
Growth of Plant Over One-Week Period
Day of the Week
Height in cm
Monday 5
Tuesday 7
Wednesday 9
Thursday 12
Friday 16
Saturday 21
Sunday 29

3. Data Tables
In this experiment, Amy will be collecting data as she heats Liquid A. She will be recording the temperature once every minute for 5 minutes.
She begins her data table by creating columns for the data she intends to collect.
She needs two columns because she will be recording time and temperature.

4. Change in the Temperature of Liquid A Over a 5-Minute Period
Data Tables
Amy labeled her columns with a word or phrase that describes the data.
She added a title that represents the data she will collect.
Change in the Temperature of Liquid A Over a 5-Minute Period
She included appropriate units.
Time in Minutes
Temperature - Degrees Celsius 1 2 3 4 5
Now she is ready to record the data.

5. Change in the Temperature of Liquid A Over A 5-Minute Period
Data Tables
Tables are perfect for recording data because they keep your data organized. However, in data tables, trends and patterns may not be so easily seen…
Change in the Temperature of Liquid A Over A 5-Minute Period
Here is Amy’s data. How easy is it to spot the trend in temperature?
Time in Minutes
Temperature - Degrees Celsius 1 5 2 23 3 42 4 48 50

6. Graphs
A graph, which is a picture of the data, allows a quick look at the data.
Usually the trend is apparent to the viewer immediately.

7. Graphs A title describes the data that has been collected.
By looking at the axis labels, which name the variables in the experiment, you can see that the temperature increases as time goes by.
Axis Labels

8. Choose the Right Graph Bar Graph Line Graph Pie Graph
There are three commonly used graphs:
Line Graph
Pie Graph

9. A Bar Graph… types of cars, or colors of balloons at a party.
- is used for comparing data such as:
types of cars,
or colors of balloons at a party.

10. A Line Graph… -is used for seeing the changes over time such as:
growth of a plant over six weeks,
or the number of boxes of cereal sold in a month.

11. A Circle or Pie Graph…
- is used for showing percentages such as parts of a whole.
Examples might be the percentages of the different elements that make up our air,
or the percentages of various types of items you buy with your allowance.

12. Creating A Line or Bar Graph
For line and bar graphs, you will have an x- and y-axis.
y-axis
The independent variable is graphed along the x-axis and the dependent variable is graphed along the y-axis.
x-axis

13. Type of Food
Remember:
The independent variable is the variable that gets tested.
It is the variable that is chosen.
Month
Time
Amount of Fertilizer
Grade Level

14. Number of Students Preferring a Certain Food
And…
The dependent variable is the variable that reacts to the independent variable.
It depends upon the independent variable .
Number of Umbrellas Sold
Temperature
Growth of Plant
Percentage Taking Algebra

15. Notebook Activity

16. https://youtu.be/f_J8QU1m0Ng
Bellringer
Sort the yellow boxes from yesterday into the proper column in your notebook page and tape/glue them in!

17. Line Graph
After you have identified the independent and dependent variables, you are ready to choose a scale for the x- and y-axes.
In this experiment, the temperature was recorded each minute for 15 minutes.
The scale values are evenly spaced intervals and the chosen range is able to accommodate all of the data.

18. Line Graph
The scale chosen for time was 1-minute intervals. The scale chosen for temperature was 10-degree intervals.
Axis labels are added to identify the variables.

19. Line Graph These guidelines are also useful for creating bar graphs.
An appropriate title completes the graph. A good title describes what is being displayed and should include both the independent and dependent variables.
These guidelines are also useful for creating bar graphs.

20. Bar Graph The independent variable is displayed on the x-axis.
A scale of evenly-spaced intervals is used.
Labels are in place and a descriptive title is added.

21. Creating A Pie Graph
Data converted to percentages can be shown on a pie, or circle graph.
The whole circle is equal to 100%, so each slice of ‘pie’ varies in size according to the data, and corresponds to the percentage of the whole.
The independent variable is what the pie represents, while the dependent variable is the size of each slice.

22. Creating A Pie Graph
A pie graph should have a title which describes the independent variable.
Each slice of the pie should be labeled or color-coded so the dependent variables and their corresponding percentages can be identified.

23. A Line Graph From Start To Finish
George collected the mass of his pet frog every other day for 2 weeks.
What is the independent variable in George’s activity?
That’s right! The day of the week is the independent variable. George chose to take the mass every other day. He could have chosen every day, or once a week.

24. A Line Graph From Start To Finish
What is the dependent variable in George’s activity?
Yes! The mass is the dependent variable. The mass depends on which day the frog is being weighed.

25. A Line Graph From Start To Finish
Before George begins taking data, he must prepare a data table to record his data.
He draws a 2-column table. The left side is for the independent variable. The right-hand column is for the dependent variable.
Day of the Week
Mass of Frog in grams
Monday
Wednesday
Friday
Sunday
Tuesday
Thursday
Saturday
Notice how the column labels include the units.

26. Mass of My Pet Frog Over a 2-Week Period
A Line Graph From Start To Finish
Now George is ready to weigh his frog and record the data.
Mass of My Pet Frog Over a 2-Week Period
Day of the Week
Mass of Frog in grams
Monday 89
Wednesday 91
Friday 92
Sunday 94
Tuesday 97
Thursday 99
Saturday
101
Here is George’s completed data table.

27. Graphing From Start To Finish
You can tell from the data table that the frog has gained mass in the 2-week period. But, the data will be more readily interpreted if we create a picture of the data.
Mass of My Frog Over a 2-Week Period
Day of the Week
Mass of Frog in grams
Monday 89
Wednesday 91
Friday 92
Sunday 94
Tuesday 97
Thursday 99
Saturday
101

28. Graphing From Start To Finish
George chose to create a line graph because the data changed over time.
George planned to locate the day of the week (independent variable) on the x-axis and the mass of his frog (dependent variable) on the y-axis.

29. Graphing From Start To Finish
George chose an appropriate scale of 2-gram intervals for the y-axis.
Notice the absence of 0-80 grams. It is acceptable to create a graph this way.
George plotted his points and connected them with a line.

30. Graphing From Start To Finish
George chose a title that describes his activity.
He labeled his axes and included units.
Day of the Week

31. Review Choose an appropriate graph to display your data.
Represent the independent variable on the x-axis ,and the dependent variable on the y-axis for line and bar graphs.
Choose an appropriate scale with evenly-spaced intervals.
Plot your points.
If using a pie graph, use the independent variable in your title. Label all ‘slices’ with the dependent variable and the percentage.
Label the axes, include units, and create a title that is descriptive.