1. Radiation Symbol
Radiography

2. SAFE STORAGE OF SOURCE
Obtain legal approval to store and handle isotopes
Use occupancy less area for storage
Follow suggested design of storage, otherwise obtain competent approved alternative design
Store radiography cameras / sources in pit in a separate storage room
Keep the storage room under lock & key always
Continue…

3. Continued.
SAFE STORAGE OF SOURCE
Check proper storage of source inside camera after every use.
Use survey meter check radiation leakage
Post Warning signs along with radiation symbol
Operator shall maintain log book to record usage of the equipment

4. Layout Plan for Radiography Camera Store Room
STORAGE OF RADIO ACTIVE CAMERA & SOURCE
Layout Plan for Radiography Camera Store Room

5. LOG BOOK The following information to logged:
Date & time of taking the source with camera
Type & strength of sources
Model & serial no. of camera
Name of the radiographer
Location of use
Type & number of exposure
Duration of use
Date & time of return of the source with camera

6. Permissible Leakage Level of Camera
Measurement Distance
Average
mR/hr
Maximum
5 cm from Surface 20
100
1m from source position 2 10

7. Make wire fence / brick enclosure for regular radiography area.
Safe Work Practices
Carry out Radiography operations during
No occupancy times
Far away from workplace
Night hours
Less occupancy times
Holidays
Lunch Hours
Make wire fence / brick enclosure for regular radiography area.

8. Transportation of sources
Check source pencil is securely immobilized and
locked in camera
Inform BARC (Baba Atomic Research Centre),
Mumbai, if damage to the cameras during transport,
non-receipt of consignment in the reasonable time
Avoid Maintenance and servicing of radiographic
equipment without consulting the Radiological Safety
Officer (RSO)

9. Safe Work Practices Cordoning the radiography area
Calculate the safe cordoning distance
Make barricades with warning signs
Make reflective signs during night time operation
Use survey meter to check radiation level at cordoned boundaries
Ensure adequate illumination

10. Example Calculation
Iridium-192 of 20 curie is used in open field of Occasional Occupancy for a period of 5 hours per week.
Calculate the cordon off distance. Take Public dose limit as 2mR/week and B as 40.
Cordon off distance in the direction of primary beam:
D2 = (K x A x W) T / P
= (500 x 20 x 5) (1/16) / 2
D = 39.5 m
Cordon off distance in the directions other than primary beam direction:
D2 = (K x A x W)T / (P x B)
= (500 x 20 x 5) (1/16) / (2X40)
D = 6.25 m

11. Cordon off distances for Open Field Radiography (Panoramic Exposure)
(Iridium – 192)
Source Strength
Nature of Human Occupancy
Work Load
5 hrs/week
10 hrs/week
15 hrs/week
20 hrs/week
30 hrs/week
Cordon off distance (m)
5 Curie
Full 37 52 66 74 93
Partial 18 26 33 36 47
Occasional 10 13 17 24
8 Curie 65 80 94
122 40 48 56 12 16 20 28
10 Curie 53 90
100
126 45 63 19 22 31

12. Nature of Human Occupancy
Occupancy Factor for open field radiography
Nature of Human Occupancy
Occupancy Factor
Full 1
Partial
1/4
Occasional
1/16

13. Safe Work Practices Ensure
Following Industrial Radiography Information form
(Format attached)
Radiographer carries film badge / dosimeter
Radiographers dose limit is below the permissible limit
( chart shown in next slide)
Radiographers follows the safety instruction strictly
Continue…..

14. Safe Work Practices Ensure
Operators undergoes regular medical check up as per BARC
Source is not handled by hand
When source is expose it is advised to
Stand behind buildings / steel / shielding materials
Stay away from source of radiation
Limit exposure for particular operator /day
Make use of full length cable provided between radiographic equipment and the control unit / panel
Operator aware about his dose records and reports of periodic medical exams
Continued..

15. Safe Work Practices Make collimated exposure Avoid panoramic exposure
Use full length camera
Use suitable supporting and fastening devises
Camera operation behind barriers
Plan well the activities to limit exposure time.
Use radiation survey meter to check the source returns to safe position

16. Dose Limit for adult radiography workmen
Maximum Permissible Dose Limit
Organ
Dose Limit for adult radiography workmen
(rems/Year)
Dose Limit for Public
Bone morrow, Eye Lens 5
0.5
Skin, Bones & Thyroid 30 3
Hands, Forearms, Feet and Ankles 75
7.5
Other Organs 15
1.5
Cumulative dose for an occupational worker can be (N-18) Rems,
N is the age of the radiography workmen. On an average it shall not exceed 100 milli Rems per week, 1 ¼ Rems per calendar quarter and 5 Rems per year. 250 to 400 RADs are sufficient to make it fatal in 50% of the cases within 30 days. With 50 to 100 RADs, the skin will turn reddish and a little higher dose will make the hair fall.

18. YOUR TIME TO
GET CLARIFIED
ANY Q ?

19. Thank U