1. POPulation!
November 2016

2. When did the world’s population reach…
100 million?
200 million?
1 billion?
3 billion?
6 billion?
500 B.C.E.
600 C.E.
1800 C.E.
1960 C.E.
1999 C.E.

3. World Population Growth

4. 1960 vs. 1999
Each blue haired lady pictured below represents 3 billion people
1999
1960

5. World Population: Then and Now

6. Why has the world population grown so much in the last 200 years?

7. Percentages of people in cities--world
1800: 3% urban
1850: 6%
1900: 14%
1950: 30%
2000: 47%
2007: 50%
2014: 54%
True or False: A large % of people living in urban areas is usually a measure of a country’s level of development.

8. Which has more people in urban areas--developed or developing world?8

9. Just for Fun: World’s Most Populous Cities?
Depends on who you ask!!! (from 2011 internet searches)
List #1 (all lists are in 1-10 order): Shanghai, Delhi, Karachi, Istanbul, Mumbai, Beijing, Moscow, Sao Paulo, Tianjin, Guangzhou
List #2: Tokyo, Jakarta, New York, Seoul, Manila, Mumbai, Sao Paulo, Mexico City, Delhi, Osaka
List #3: Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, New York City, Mumbai, Jakarta, Sao Paulo, Delhi, Osaka, Shanghai
List #4: Seoul, Sao Paulo, Mumbai, Jakarta, Karachi, Moscow, Istanbul, Mexico City, Shanghai, Tokyo 9

10. Demographic Transition

11. Demographic Transition

12. Population Change in Mexico

13. Quick Recap
What are the main factors that have helped people live longer and die less?

14. Measles Mortality Rate, USA, 1900-1987

15. Survivors

16. World Population:

17. POPULATION PROBLEMS?
With population growing so fast in the last 200 years, what did many people think would run out?
Who helped come up with the idea that man has a “struggle for existence?”
DARWIN?
SPENCER?
MALTHUS!

18. THOMAS MALTHUS
FOOD V. POPULATION!!!!

19. Stats That Are Often Related to Birth Rates (measured per 1000 people)
Industrialization & Economic Development
Education/Status of Women
Availability of Quality Medical Care
IMR (Infant Mortality Rate), CMR (Childhood MR)
Life Birth
Urban vs. Rural Dwellers

20. Total Fertility Rate
The average # of children a woman will have in her lifetime.
What is the ‘replacement rate?’
2.1!!!

21. Total Fertility Rate vs. Infant Mortality Rate, Sweden

22. Birth Rates: # of babies born per year per 1000 people
From 2009

23. Death Rates: # of people who die per year per 1000 people
From 2009

24. Life Expectancy at Birth: World (2012)

25. Total Fertility Rate (2013)

26. Total Fertility Rates

27. Total Fertility Rate (2013)

28. Child Mortality: Deaths Under the Age of 5
In 2012: 6,600,000 children under the age of 5 died (source: WHO.int)
Leading causes of death (about 45% linked to malnutrition)
Pneumonia
Preterm birth complications
Birth asphyxia
Diarrhea
Malaria
Any patterns/trends?

29. Population Pyramids
Which one is developing? Which one is developed? Which is growing?

30. USA Population Pyramid & the “Baby Boom” Generation

31. Population Pyramids of the World

32. What advantages/disadvantages does a larger world population have?
Here’s one of each to get you thinking…
Limited amount of resources
Exponential technological growth

33. Quick Question
Why does a fertility rate less than the replacement rate affect Japan more than Europe & (especially) the US?

34. What about countries w/older populations?
A Few Pros
(usually) Wealthy country, limited or no more population growth (helps w/ limited resources)
A Major Con
A poorly skewed DEPENDENCY RATIO (Why problematic?)
People aged & 65 and older/# of people aged 15-64
Before skewing poorly, countries usually receive a “DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND” for about years after fertility rates fall but before a large # of people retire. In other words, the DD has the best dependency ratio!
Examples:
4 Asian Tigers (1960s-1990s)
India (2010ish-2040ish)

35. Dependency Ratio (economically speaking—close to 2
Dependency Ratio (economically speaking—close to 2.5 is good…close to 1 is not so good!)

36. Demographic Dividend Pyramid

37. Will the world’s population start declining?
Question
Will the world’s population start declining?
A great article to review many of the key concepts: “About That Overpopulation Problem”

38. 6 Demographic Charts for Review (4 are on next slide!)

40. Recap: What do you think?
Quickly answer the Q
(last name, first name)
What was the most important lesson you have learned through studying population?

41. Extra (Just for fun) Slides Start Now! #1 - The World at Night

42. What is significant about this image?

43. What is significant about this image?

44. What is significant about this image?

45. Cartogram

46. Cartogram, 2030?

47. USA Cartogram

48. USA 2000 Presidential Election

49. Election 2000: Bush vs. Gore (Counties)
Blue: Bush
Red: Gore