1. Federalism: The Division of Power
Chapter 4, Section 1
U.S. Government- Mr. McWenie from Mr. Marotz

2. Number of Governments in the United States
3,143
With about 89,000 separate governmental units in the U.S. today, it is no wonder that intergovernmental relations in the U.S. are so complicated. Actually, the number of school districts has decreased over time, but the number of special districts created for single purposes, such as water, sewage, flood control, has increased from only 8,000 during WWII to over 37,000 today.

3. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
Expressed
Implied
Inherent
10th Amendment
National
Government
State
Government
Delegated Powers
Reserved Powers
Concurrent Powers
Denied Both
Denied States
Denied National
Powers Denied

4. Government Powers (Division of Powers/ Federalism)
Powers Granted
Expressed
Implied
Inherent
Delegated Powers:
Granted by the Constitution- 3 Types
Expressed
Implied
Inherent
National
Government
Delegated Powers

5. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
Expressed
Implied
Inherent
Expressed:
Spelled out in the Constitution
Article I, Section 8
18 clauses giving 27 powers
Tax
Coin money
Regulate trade
Declare war
Grant patents
National
Government
Delegated Powers

6. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
Expressed
Implied
Inherent
Implied:
Not written in Constitution, but reasonably suggested
Article I, Section 8, Clause 18
“necessary and proper”
The Elastic Clause
Build dams
Highways & roads
Determine crimes
National
Government
Delegated Powers

7. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
Expressed
Implied
Inherent
Inherent:
Not written in Constitution, but belong to national governments
Regulate immigration
Grant diplomatic recognition to nations
Protect the nation
National
Government
Delegated Powers

8. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
10th Amendment
Reserved Powers:
Powers retained by the states
State
Government
Reserved Powers

9. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
10th Amendment
Reserved Powers:
10th Amendment
Not granted to Federal, but not denied to states.
Legal marriage age
Drinking age
Professional license
Confiscate property
The power of the state to protect and promote public health, the public morals, the public safety, and the general welfare.
State
Government
Reserved Powers

10. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
National
Government
State
Government
Concurrent Powers
Concurrent:
Both States and National have these powers
May be exercised separately and simultaneously
Collect taxes
Define crimes
Condemn or take private property for public use
Denied Both
Powers Denied

11. States tend to have a more liberal or more conservative political culture, which is
reflected in their policies, whether for moral issues or other issues.
Source: Governing.com

12. Marijuana Legalization Laws
Source: Governing.com

13. Understanding Federalism
State Welfare Benefits (Figure 3.3)

14. Source: Governing.com

15. Source: Governing.com

16. Source: Governing.com

17. Understanding Federalism
Spending on Public Education (Figure 3.4)

20. Understanding Federalism

21. Current Map of Abortion Laws

22. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Denied Powers:
Powers forbidden to the national or state government
National
Government
Denied National
Powers Denied

23. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Denied:
Expressly denied:
Infringe on rights (speech, press, etc.)
Silence in Constitution:
Only has delegated powers
Denied in Federal System:
Can’t tax states
National
Government
Denied National
Powers Denied

24. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Denied States:
Constitution denies certain powers to state, because they are NOT a federal government.
Make treaties
Print money
Deny rights to citizens
State
Government
Denied States
Powers Denied

25. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
Denied Both:
Both States and National have been denied these powers
Violate rights of citizens
National
Government
State
Government
Concurrent Powers
Denied Both
Powers Denied

26. The "Full Faith and Credit Clause" is Article VI, Section 1, of the U
The "Full Faith and Credit Clause" is Article VI, Section 1, of the U.S. Constitution. This article maintains that state courts must enforce the judgments of courts in other states and accept their public records and acts as valid. This clause became controversial in 1998 when courts in Hawaii permitted same-sex marriages. With presidential support, Congress passed the Defense of Marriage Act, which relieved other states from any obligation to honor Hawaiian gay marriages.
Gay couples renew their vows to each other in this ceremony in San Francisco's Metropolitan Community church.
States must give full faith and credit to each other’s public acts, records, and judicial proceedings; extend to each other’s citizens the privileges and immunities it gives its own; and return fugitives from justice.

27. Government Powers (Division of Powers)
Powers Granted
Expressed
Implied
Inherent
10th Amendment
National
Government
State
Government
Delegated Powers
Reserved Powers
Concurrent Powers
Denied Both
Denied States
Denied National
Powers Denied

28. The Supremacy Clause (Article VI, Section 2)
United States Constitution
The U.S. Constitution is the “Supreme Law of the Land.”
If there is a conflict between a lower law and a higher one, the higher one “wins.”
Acts of Congress
State Constitutions
State Statues (laws)
City and County Laws