1. The Internet and Its Uses
Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP – Chapter 1

2. Key Vocabulary
Construct a sentence using each of the following key vocabulary terms.
Internet
Standard
ISP-what does it stand for and what does it do?
POP
DSL
Bandwidth
IPX
ICMP
Scalability
NOC
Help Desk
11 vocabulary terms, 30 minutes to complete = 50 point grade.

3. Internet
The Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible network of networks. It enables individuals and businesses alike, through interconnected computer networks, to share information, resources, and services.
Why was the Internet ever developed???
It is hard for most to imagine but it was for research, not games, chatting, or shopping.

4. Internet in Business E-commerce Communication Collaboration & Training
business over the web
online shopping, Ebay, etc.
Communication
, IM, VoIP
Collaboration & Training
document sharing
remote work environment

5. Activity
Go to page and complete the ISP activity. Make sure to compare and read what each ISP offers before making your selection.

6. Standards and the Internet
set of rules how something must be done
makes it possible for different devices to send information over the Internet
RFC (Request for Comments)
to document the development and approval of an Internet standard

7. ISP Services ISP’s Generally offer the following services:
Equipment co-location
store equipment at the ISP because of security, Internet speed and constant power
Web hosting – store one or multiple web pages
FTP hosting – store files for others to access
VoIP – offer telephone services through the Internet
Tech support – Assistance to users

8. Internet Connectivity Options
Bandwidth (Speed) is measured in bits per second
Dial-up
Inexpensive
Uses phone with a modem
Slowest connection (56kbps)
Cable
Offered by cable TV
Cable modem separates signals
Faster connection (512 kbps)
Satellite
128 – 512 kbps depending on service

9. Internet Connectivity Options
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
More expensive than dial up
Faster connectivity
Uses phone line with continuous connection
DSL modem separates signals
ADSL (Asymmetric)
Suitable for the home user
Download speed faster than upload
SDSL (Symmetric)
Suitable for small-to-medium business
Upload and download speeds the same

10. Bandwidth Connections – For Medium To Large Businesses
can transmit up to Mbps
symmetrical
E1 (European)
can transmit at Mbps T3
can transmit up to 45 Mbps
used for larger businesses with more employees
E3 (European)
can transmit at Mbps
MetroEthernet
used by large companies with many branches in the same city
can transmit up to 10 Gbps

11. Internet Hierarchy
POP is the point that individuals and small businesses connect directly to the ISP network to obtain Internet access
Internet Backbone is connected through one of the following:
IXP (Internet Exchange Point) or
NAP (Network Access Point)
Over 100 points worldwide
Fiber used to connect the Internet backbone
also can run under the sea

12. ISP Tiers Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3
Huge organizations that connect with each other
Span several continents- from the global Internet backbone
Tier 2
Pay Tier 1 to carry traffic across continents
Tier 3
Most major cities
Provides customer with local Internet access
Pays Tiers 1 & 2 for their services

13. Tools To Map The Internet
Ping- tests the accessibility of a specific IP address. The ping command sends an ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo request packet to the destination address and then waits for an echo reply packet to return from that host.
Pings reveal two things to the user 1) The time it takes to get from point A to point B and 2) If the destination is reachable.
Pings may work on one request and then may fail on the next because of connectivity issues.
Traceroute- displays the path that a packet takes from the source to the destination host. Helps determine the location of network problems and identifies routers that packets travel across

14. Packet Tracer Activity
Open up Packet Tracer and complete the activity from page using Ping and Traceroute.

15. Devices Used for ISPs to Communicate
Access Devices
DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer)
CMTS (Cable Modem Termination System)
Modems
Border Gateway Routers
Enable ISP to connect to another ISP
Servers

16. ISP’s Are A Business
Just like any business an ISP wants to grow. In order to grow the ISP and its equipment must be scalable.
Scalability is the capacity of a network to allow for future change and growth. In order to accommodate network growth the equipment needs a high level of modularity which means equipment can be expended very easily.

17. Packet Tracer Activity
Complete the Packet Tracer Activity from page that will identify the equipment needed to help an ISP meet the needs of a customer.

18. ISP Support Service Teams
Customer Service- first line of communication
Planning & Provisioning
helps determine whether customer needs new or can use existing hardware
On-site
which equipment needs to be installed & installs it
NOC (Network Operating Center)
monitors and tests network connectivity
Help Desk
notifies customer when circuit is ready for operation & offers assistance over the phone or through other resources

19. Activity
On page identify what the role each of the teams within the ISP Service Support Team Plays.

20. Summary
Businesses use the Internet for e-commerce, communications, collaboration, and training.
Internetworking standards ensure that all devices connecting to the Internet use the same set of rules.
All Internet connections are made through an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Multiple ISPs join together at an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) to gain access to each other’s networks.
ISPs must provide a reliable and scalable network.
ISP organizations are composed of many teams offering a range of support services.

21. ISP Flyer Design
Create a one page/poster/construction paper flyer that highlights a newly established ISP. You are the creator of the new ISP and the name is left up to you. On your flyer outline how your ISP support team will function make sure to include all five parts of the team somewhere on your flyer. Highlight the services that your ISP will offer such as web hosting, DSL services, etc and the estimated cost.
**Remember this flyer is to introduce your company, its structure, services offered and costs. The flyer will appear in the local newspaper in an attempt to attract new customers.**