2. International Scientific School (ISS-2017)
Biogenic Silver Composite Polysulfone Membranes with Antimicrobial Activity
International Scientific School (ISS-2017)
Mach 13-17, 2017
Fozia T. Minhas*, Gulsin Arslan, I. Hilal Gubbuk, Cengiz Akkoz, Betul Yılmaz Ozturk, Baran Asıkkutlu, Ugur Arslan, Mustafa Ersoz

3. INTRODUCTION
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are noteworthy because of having
prominent optical, biomedical, catalytic, inhibitory and
bactericidal properties
Mostly Ag-NPs are enormously active for killing food pathogens
and meningitis causing microbes. It also bears antifungal property
Recently biological methods for Ag-NPs synthesis are adopted mostly
owing to non-toxic solvent system, environmental friendly capping
and reducing agents, high yield, economical and facile
preparation schemes

4. Ulva compressa (L. ) Kütz. and Cladophora glomerata (L. ) Kütz
Ulva compressa (L.) Kütz. and Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kütz. are selected here for the synthesis of Ag-NPs. These are filamentous green macro algae that are abundantly available in natural water streams. Mainly the habitat of these algae are either stony shores or mixed culture growth with other genera such as Cladophora sp. and Ulva sp
Furthermore, these synthesized Ag-NPs were blended with PS matrix to evaluate their efficiency as inorganic filter
Antimicrobial activity of Ag-NPs/PS composite membrane is examined by Direct contact test (DCT) where close contact between the test microorganism and the tested material was maintained and their influence on microbial viability was analyzed irrespective of the diffusibility and solubility of the antimicrobial species

5. Overview of the Research Work
PHASE-I
Ag-NPs
Biogenic Synthesis
and Characterization of Ag-NPs
PHASE-II
Ag-NPs/PS Composite Membrane
Preparation
and Characterization of Ag-NPs/PS Composite Membranes
PHASE-III
Antimicrobial Activity
Direct Contact Test
(DCT)
Ag-NPs = Silver Nanoparticles, PS = Polysulfone

6. PHASE-I

7. Ag-NPs: Synthesis Preparation of Algal Extract Biosynthesis of Ag-NPs
PHASE-I
Ag-NPs: Synthesis
Preparation of Algal Extract
Both Ulva compressa (L.) Kütz. and Cladophora glomerata
(L.) Kütz. Green seaweed were collected from the Acıgöl Lake,
Konya Turkey.
The cleaned, dried algal masses were ground into fine powder
for further processing.
15 g of each algal powder were taken in 100 ml distilled water at 70 oC with continuous stirring for 24 hr and filtered afterwards.
Biosynthesis of Ag-NPs
10 ml of algal extract was poured in clear, transparent solution of 90 ml M AgNO3.
The colour of AgNO3 solution turned brownish within 6 hr, and formation of Ag-NPs was assured by UV-VIS spectroscopy.
The prominent peak at 430 nm confirmed the synthesis of Ag-NPs.
Ag-NPs
Algae
Extract
AgNO3

8. Characterization of Ag-NPs
PHASE-I
(a) Cladophora based Ag-NPs
(b) Ulva based Ag-NPs
Characterization of Ag-NPs Au Ag
(a) Cladophora based Ag-NPs
(b) Ulva based Ag-NPs
(b) Ulva based Ag-NPs
(a) Cladophora based Ag-NPs
(a) Ulva based Ag-NPs
(b) Cladophora based Ag-NPs
UV-VIS
FTIR
SEM + EDX
AFM
XRD

9. PHASE-II

10. Preparation of Ag-NPs/PS
PHASE-II
Preparation of Ag-NPs/PS
Composite Membrane
The homogenous solution of Polysulfone (PS) was prepared
in (15%, w/w) N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone with constant stirring for
24 hr.
Subsequently, 5 mg of Ag-NPs was dispersed in PS solution and
coated on glass surface by spin coating technique.
Afterwards, coated glass was immersed in deionized water bath
and resulting Ag-NPs/PS composite membrane was detached .

11. Contact Angle Measurement
PHASE-II
(a) blank PS
(b) Cladophora based
Ag-NPs/PS
Composite Membrane
(c) Ulva based Ag-NPs/PS
FTIR
SEM
AFM
Contact Angle Measurement
(a) blank PS
(b) Cladophora based Ag-NPs/PS
Composite Membrane
(c) Ulva based Ag-NPs/PS
62º
61º
48º
(b) Cladophora based
Ag-NPs/PS
Composite Membrane
(c) Ulva based Ag-NPs/PS
(a) blank PS
Characterization
of Ag-NPs/PS Composite Membranes

12. PHASE-III

13. Antimicrobial ACTIVITY
PHASE-III
Antimicrobial ACTIVITY
The antimicrobial activity of Ag-NPs/PS composite membrane was evaluated by
direct contact method (DCT).
In DCT, 96-well microliter plates were utilized and kinetics of bacterial growth in
them were analyzed spectrophotometrically at 630 nm.
The wall of each “well” was coated with tested material with care so that its floor
remain intact.
Afterwards, 10 μL bacterial suspension was added above it by keeping “well”
in the same position.
After incubation period of 1 hr at 37 oC, the suspension liquid evaporated
leaving bacteria and surface of targeted material in direct contact.
Finally set these plates in spectrophotometer by adding 220 μL of Brain
Heart Infusion (BHI) broth.
The changes in the optical density of bacterial growth were analyzed
periodically after every 60 min at 630 nm for 18 h.

14. Direct Contact Test (DCT)
PHASE-III
Direct Contact Test (DCT)
P. aeruginosa
K. pneumonia
E. Coli
S.aureus
E. faecium
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923
Enterococcus faecium ATCC 29212
Escherichia coli ATCC 25922
Pseudomonas aeruginasa ATCC 27853
Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC

15. CONCLUSION

16. CONCLUSIONS A green route was adopted to prepare Ag-NPs.
Ulva compressa (L.) Kütz. and Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kütz algal
extract was used as green source.
The Ag-NPs/PS composite was prepared by spin coating technique.
Finally, Ag-NPs/PS composite material showed appreciable efficiency against all bacteria i.e. Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginasa, Escherichiacoli, Enterococcusfaecium and Staphylococcusaureus in DCT method.

17. Organizing Committee of ISS-2017
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Organizing Committee of ISS-2017

19. in the aqueous extracts of algae
Table 1: Preliminary qualitative analysis to examine the phytochemicals
in the aqueous extracts of algae
‘+’ and ‘-’ signs indicates the presence and absence of respective components,
respectively
Phytochemical Constituents
U. compressa
C. glomerata
Molish test +
Keller-Killiani Test (Test for Cardiac Glycosides)
Fehling’s Test (Test For Reducing Sugars)
Alkaloids
Terpenoids
Flavonoids
Tannins
Saponins -
Amino acids
Anthraquinones
Phlobatannins

20. Table 2. Roughness values for Ag-NPs and composite membranes.
Sa (nm)
Sq (nm)
Sz (nm)
Ag-NPs (U. compressa)
1.01
1.48
9.09
Ag-NPs (C. glomerata)
0.471
0.848
5.90 PS
20.6
26.5
157
U. compressa based Ag-NPs/PS Composite membrane
11.6
16.1
90.2
C. glomerata based Ag-NPs/PS Composite membrane
9.10
12.4
61.6