1. 20.1 America Struggles with Post War Issues
How are civil liberties attacked in the post-war era?

2. Red Scare Widens
Communism [Reds] in Russia called for worldwide revolution
groups of anarchists, radicals, socialist/comm. labor groups thought to be tied directly to takeover
- creates fear and panic

3. Palmer Raids
Atty. Gen Mitchell Palmer claims to have evidence of campaigns to overthrow gov’t
Palmer & asst. J. Edgar Hoover jailed/deported thousands w/o trials
- no bombs or evidence of a rev found
Federal Bureau of Investigation [FBI] formed

4. Post War Strikes 1. Boston police strike for more pay
Mass Gov Coolidge states can’t strike – public safety
2. US Steel Workers strike for more pay
strikers labeled “communist agitators” – strike ends
public opinion of unions  violent troublemakers
- during 1920’s # of union members decrease

5. Post War Racism
Black/White tensions rise in cities, competition for jobs & housing
Chicago: black swimmer killed  police fail to arrest culprit  riot breaks out  Nat’l Guard called in

7. Immigrant Backlash
desire for isolationism  increase nativism [anti-immigration]
Sacco & Vanzetti case: Italian immigrants accused of robbery & murder [alleged anarchists]
- Both found guilty & executed despite little evidence
1921: Congress passes the Emergency Quota Act
- Estab max # of people by country that can enter US
increase in KKK membership

8. organizations form to help w/ civil rights
Protecting Rights
organizations form to help w/ civil rights
Anti-Defamation League [1913]: Fights discrimination for Jews & other immigrants
American Civil Liberties Union [1920]: Fought to have those arrested under Sedition Acts & Palmer Raids freed from jail