1. The Civil Rights Movement Ch. 24

2. Reconstruction The 13th Amendment freed the slaves
The 14th Amendment extended citizenship, guaranteed all citizens with equal protection and due process of law.
The 15th Amendment said the right to vote shall not be denied on the basis of race.

3. “Jim Crow”
“Jim Crow” was a minstrel character from the 1830’s.He was portrayed as an elderly, crippled and clumsy African American slave and his portrayal showed all the negative stereotypes of African Americans.

7. Dallas Bus Station

8. Jim Crow Laws

9. Texas sign

10. Jim Crow Laws

11. Jim Crow Laws

12. Jim Crow Laws

13. The Civil Rights Movement
The ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 had established the separate but equal doctrine
States that did not institute Jim Crow laws often had de facto segregation—by custom and tradition

14. Brown vs. Board of Education 1954

15. The Civil Rights Movement
NAACP challenged segregation by using the courts
Brown v. Board of Education: ruled segregation in public schools was unconstitutional as it violates equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

16.
While the NAACP fought in the courts, MLK’s organization led the boycott.

17. Martin Luther King Jr.

18. King’s sacrifice King was arrested thirty times in his 38 year life.
His house was bombed or nearly bombed several times
Death threats constantly

19. The Civil Rights Movement
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. led the group—followed philosophy of nonviolent resistance

20. Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955
Rosa Parks was arrested for violating the segregation laws of Montgomery, Alabama.

22. In Response. . . For over a year, Blacks boycotted the buses.
They carpooled and walked through all weather conditions

24. March on Washington 1963

25. The event was highlighted by King's "I Have a Dream" speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial. August 28, 1963.

26. “Tides of
Change”

28. “WE SHALL OVERCOME”

29. The Civil Rights Movement
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference set out to eliminate segregation from American society and to encourage African Americans to register to vote

30. The Civil Rights Movement
The organization founded by student civil rights activists was SNCC
SNCC’s Voter Education Project focused on rural areas of the Deep South

31. LBJ & MLK signing Civil Rights Act, 1965
Johnson Years
LBJ & Civil Rights
LBJ & MLK signing Civil Rights Act, 1965

32. LBJ signs the Civil Rights Act as Martin Luther King watches
CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964
In July of 1964, LBJ pushed the Civil Rights Act through Congress
The Act prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion or national origin, and granted the federal government new powers to enforce the law
LBJ signs the Civil Rights Act as Martin Luther King watches

33. "By the way, what's the big word?"
VOTING RIGHTS ACT 1965
Part of the Civil Rights Act was to insure voting rights for all Americans
The act prohibited literacy tests or other discriminatory practices for voting
The act insured consistent election practices
"By the way, what's the big word?"

34. Black Power & Racial Violence
Rise of Black Power
After 1965, MLK’s ideas about integration & nonviolence was obsolete for many young blacks.
Black Separatism
Called for the separation of the races in America by occupying an exclusive area of land in the U.S. supplied by the federal govt.
Nation of Islam (black Muslim movement) most notable and well-organized
Black U.S. athletes at 1968 Olympic games

35. Black Power & Racial Violence
Malcolm X
Most vocal and brilliant orator of Nation of Islam
Preached religious justification for black separatism & furthering of black rights through "any means necessary."
Advocated use of weapons for self-defense believing nonviolence encouraged white violence
Many in the white community were alarmed
Malcolm X’s ideas became foundation for Black Power movement later in the decade.

36. Black Power & Racial Violence
Stokely Carmichael & the Black Panthers
Carmichael later became a leader of the Black Panthers, based in Oakland, and founded by urban revolutionaries Huey Newton and Bobby Seale.
Revolutionary social movement to organize African American men in northern and western cities to fight for liberation.
In effect, became a para-military organization to protect blacks from white violence (e.x: police brutality)
Stokely Carmichael