1. Warm-up: Pick up a square of paper and answer the following.
What do the following words mean?
Halocline
Thermocline
Pycnocline
What is biomagnification?

2. Acid Rain Discussion What causes acid rain?
What are the effects of acid rain in general?
How does acid rain impact the ocean?

3. What factor protects the ocean from acid rain?
Objective 9

4. What is Acid Rain?
Deposited material from the atmosphere (wet or dry) that contain higher amounts of nitric and sulfuric acid.
Causes?
Effects?

5. Acidity and alkalinity
Acid releases H+ when dissolved in water
Alkaline (or base) releases OH-
pH scale measures acidity/alkalinity
Low pH value, acid
High pH value, alkaline (basic)
pH 7 = neutral

6. Where do we find CO2? CO2 low in surface ocean due to photosynthesis
CO2 higher below photic zone because of decomposition
Deeper seawater high CO2 due to source region and decomposition

7. Carbonate buffering Keeps ocean pH about same (8.1)
pH too high, carbonic acid releases H+
pH too low, bicarbonate combines with H+
Precipitation/dissolution of calcium carbonate CaCO3 buffers ocean pH
Oceans can absorb CO2 from atmosphere without much change in pH

8. Fig. 6-17

9. What factor protects the ocean from acid rain?
Carbonate Buffering!