1. Foundations of Government
Unit 1
Foundations of Government

2. Unit 1 Vocabulary Quiz 1 Words
Autocracy
Oligarchy
Democracy
Representative Government
Unitary System
Confederacy
Federal System
Parliamentary Government
Presidential Government

3. Bell Ringer
Journal Entry – Write a well-developed paragraph over the topic, “Which policies of the government make your life better? Which do you think make your life worse?”

4. Unit 1 Day 1
EQ – When looking at forms of government, how would the U.S. be described?

8. 3-2-1 3 – Ways Oligarchic and Democratic forms of government differ!
2 – Ways Presidential and Parliamentary are similar!
1 – The type of government that the United States has TODAY!

9. Bell Ringer - Graphic Organizer Using chapter 2, explain the importance of these documents and men to American Government.
Magna Carta
Charles Montesquieu
Petition of Rights
Thomas Hobbes
English Bill of Rights
John Locke

10. Bell Ringer – Complete Chart
Use the information in your textbook on pages to complete the chart. First, define each idea in your own words. Then, give examples that illustrate how each idea was put into practice.
TWO IDEAS ABOUT GOVERNMENT FROM AMERICA’S ENGLISH HERTITAGE
LIMITED GOVERNMENT
REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT
How Idea Was Put Into Practice

11. 8/18: Name the 13 English colonies.

12. EQ – How was America’s government influenced by English documents and philosophers?
SSCG1

13. Journal Entry - Students will write a well-developed paragraph over the topic, “If you were put in charge of a country what would the top 10 rights be that all people should have? Where did you get your ideas from? (tv, music, parents, teachers books?)

14. Basic definitions you need to know…
Philosopher – a person who critically analyzes fundamental assumptions and beliefs Rule of Law – the principle that no one is above the law Limited Government – a government where minimal intervention by the government is allowed

15. The 13 colonies: Name them

16. The colonies were made up of English citizens
What did our founding father think about our rights and the role of government?
The colonies were made up of English citizens
Believed they should be treated with the same rights as English citizens

17. Where did they get their beliefs?

18. Reading: colonial influence
3minutes to read each section
Discussion

19. Read handout
Complete handout part A

20. The United States constitutional system incorporated ideas from the Magna Carta, the Petition of Rights, and the English Bill of Rights.
Magna Carta - Limited power of the government.
- Fundamental rights:
Trial by Jury
Due Process of Law
Petition of Rights
- Early document supporting idea that men have rights and establishing concept of rule of law.
Included basic rights:
Guarantee of trial by jury
Protection against marshal law
Protection against quartering of troops
Protection of private property
English Bill of Rights - Limited power of the monarch.
- No standing army in peacetime
- Free Elections
- Right of Petition
- Parliamentary checks on power

21. 8/22: Who lost power with Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights?
Put graphic organizer homework in tray.
Notebooks collected at end of class

22. ACTIVITY OVER TYPES OF GOVERNMENT
Create a graphic organizer defining and illustrating the 8 forms of government.
You may set-up your graphic organizer however you choose, but you must include the definition and a illustration for each form of government.
8 Forms: Autocracy, Oligarchy, Democracy, Unitary, Confederal, Federal, Presidential, Parliamentary
i.e. Representative Government – a system of government in which people elect delegates to make laws and conduct government

23. Summary
A Englishmen the colonists inherited the ideas behind Magna Carta, the English bill of rights and Petition of Rights that the governments powers were limited
Magna carta written document presented to King John of England by his subjects intended to restrict his power and protect their rights

24. Summary continued
Petition of Rights asked for recognition of rights against restrictions on non-Parliamentary taxation, forced billeting of soldiers, imprisonment without cause, and the use of martial law
Bill of Rights demanded rights from the king. Creates separation of powers, limits the powers of the king and queen, enhances democratic election and freedom of speech.

25. Journal: If you had to write a contract with me as your teacher and you as student what would be in it
IE.. You will do this and in return we will.
If not …………

26. The United States constitutional system incorporated ideas of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Charles Montesquieu.
#2 John Locke - Social Contract
- Representative Government was best
- believed that humans had certain natural rights – rights with which they were born. (Life, liberty, property)
#1 Thomas Hobbes - Social Contract - Autocracy was best
- believed leader’s main duty is to provide government to the citizens and that if he fails at that task, people have the right to get another government.
#3 Charles Montesquieu - believed that a government that was ruled by the people was the best form of government
- best government would be one in which power was balanced among three groups of officials
- He called the idea of dividing government power into three branches the “separation of powers” and each branch of government could check the power of the other two branches (Checks and Balances)

27. Unit 1 Days 1 and 2 Review CWP Word Bank
unitary
Confederal
Federal
Autocracy
Oligarchy
Democracy
Representative Democracy
Presidential
Parliamentary
Magna Carta
Petition of Rights
English Bill of Rights
Limited Government
Rule of Law
Charles Montesquieu
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Natural Rights
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances

28. Complete matching sheet
Put in left page of notebook
Last thing to answer in your notebook before you turn them in
What is a state of nature? DO not copy the sentences as they just describe how Hobbes viewed it

29. Bell Ringer
Grab “In the Course of Human Events…” off of the front desk.
Read and complete questions 1-10.
You MAY write on this paper!!

30. Unit 1 Day 3
EQ – How does the theories in the Social Contract compare to that of the Declaration of Independence?
SSCG2

31. copycats
Members of our Continental congress imitated their English ancestors in the writing or the DECLARATION of Independence

32. Discussion on Declaration of Independence
Continental Congress (1776)
Representatives from 13 colonies met in Philadelphia
Thomas Jefferson wrote majority of the Declaration of Independence
Approved on July 4, 1776
Explain the reasons the 13 colonies decided to separate from Great Britain and to form an independent country.
The colonists believed that the power of the government comes from the consent of the governed.
Natural Rights to ALL individuals: Life, Liberty and Pursuit of Happiness!!
ALL men are created EQUAL!!

33. Independence Hall – Then and Now
Declaration of Independence

34. Social Contract Theory
People give up some personal freedoms for safety, created the state.
State arose out of a voluntary act by free people.
It holds that the state exists only to serve the will of the people.
People are the sole source of political power, and that they are free to give or to withhold that power as they choose.
State exists to serve the people and was created by them.

35. Social Contract Theory – Rousseau, Locke, Hobbes
1. Popular Sovereignty - consent of the governed
- it is because people have agreed to be ruled, that governments are entitled to rule
- the government is charged with implementing and enforcing the general will of the people
2. Limited Government
3. Natural rights are universal rights that are seen as inherent in the nature of people and not contingent on human actions or beliefs (including life, liberty, and pursuit of property)

36. Declaration of Independence
Using your notes and pages 8 and to compare and contrast the Declaration of Independence and the Social Contract Theory.
Declaration of Independence
Social Contract
Don’t forget WHO, WHAT, WHEN , WHERE, and WHY IMPORTANT when comparing and contrasting.

37. Thomas Jefferson borrowed heavily from the theories of John Locke in writing the Declaration on Independence.  One of the concepts is that legitimate government must respect the inalienable rights if its citizens.  Among these rights, Locke included "life, liberty, and property".  Jefferson adjusted this in the Declaration to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." Both Locke and Rousseau's ideas had an impact on the Constitution as well.  Rousseau had a strong believe in the sovereignty of the people, i.e. that the people had to have ultimate control over their government.  Rousseau's ideas went much farther than the Constitution's, since he supported direct democracy rather than representative democracy through a republic.  Yet the notion that "We the people" could create a Constitution was something from Rousseau.  Also, the Constitutional Amendment process being ratified by public convention (Article V) expresses this sentiment.

38. Unit 1a. CDA Review CWP People Petition of Rights Abolish
Presidential Government
Representative Democracy
Rule of Law
Separation of Powers
Social Contract
The People
Thomas Hobbes
Unalienable Rights
Unitary
Abolish
Autocracy
Charles Montesquieu
Confederal System
Declaration of Independence
Democracy
Federal System of Government
John Locke
Limited Government
Oligarchy