1. Manitoba Building Officials Conference
April 27, 2011

2. Presented by Robert Charney
PLUMBING 101
Presented by
Robert Charney

3. NPC FORMAT Division A – defines the scope of the code
Objectives
functional statements
compliance conditions.
Division B – acceptable solutions to satisfy objectives and functional statements.
Division C – administrative provisions
Definitions and floor drain mini appendix..division “A”

4. NPC 3 BASIC OBJECTIVES
SAFETY
HEALTH
PROTECTION of buildings and facilities from water and sewage damage

5. SAFETY FIRE STRUCTURAL USE including explosion
fire system failure to function
STRUCTURAL
load bearing elements
USE
trip, slip, fall, contact, collision, drowning.
hot surface or substance contact.
exposure to hazardous substances.

6. HEALTH INDOOR CONDITIONS SANITATION HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
quality of installation
SANITATION
adequate facilities
exposure to waste
exposure to contaminated water
exposure to contaminated surfaces.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
containment.

7. PROTECTION DO IT RIGHT THE FIRST TIME
Limit the probability or unacceptable risk of damage from leakage of service water or sewage into the building due to the installation or design of the plumbing system.
DO IT RIGHT
THE FIRST TIME

8. FUNCTIONAL STATEMENTS
Objectives achieved by measures (acceptable solutions) intend to allow the plumbing system to perform to these functions
Minimize risk of accidental ignition
Limit the severity and effects of fire or explosion
Support and withstand expected loads and forces
Limit or accommodate dimensional change
Minimize risk of injury due to trip, slip, fall, contact, drowning or collision
Minimize risk of (scald / burn) injury due to contact with hot surface or substance
Limit levels of contaminants
Minimize the risk of contaminant generation
Minimize the risk hazardous substance release
Minimize the risk in communal shower facilities of disease spread
Minimize the risk of potable water contamination
Facilitate moisture and water dissipation from the building
Provide potable water
Provide facilities for personal hygiene
Provide facilities for sanitary disposal of human and domestic waste
Resist deterioration from expected service conditions
Minimize the risk of malfunction, interference, damage, tampering, lack of use, or misuse
Minimize the risk of inadequate performance due to lack of or improper maintenance

10. National Building Code
NPC refers to NBC Part 7 of Division B and refers back NBC section REQUIRED FACILITIES for Dwellings KS, lav, bath, shower, water closet , floor drain and laundry
water temp 45C-60C* (113F-140F) NBC
NPC (1) Electric storage-type* service water heaters set at 60C
OTHER BUILDINGS to Health Requirements NBC subsection occupancy and load for required waterclosets
BARRIER FREE REQUIREMENTS NBC article

11. Four Basic Rules of Plumbing
Water closets drive the codes
Trap every* fixture
Vent every* trap and drainage pipe
Protect the water

12. The First rule Water closets drive the code
NBC Required Water closets based on occupancy
NBC (5)- Substitute urinals (2/3)
NBC (1) required lavatories
(1 wc = one lav or 2 wc / 1 lav)
NPC Size adjustment statements
(2) the size of every branch or building drain downstream of the third water closet fixture drain connection shall not be less than 4 inches
4.9.2.(3) the size of every soil or waste stack that serves more than 6 water closets shall be not less than 4 inches.

13. The SECOND Rule Trap the fixture
EVERY fixture shall be directly connected to a sanitary drainage system.. (physically connected in such a way that water or gas cannot escape from the connection) (1)
EXCEPT ..(i) device for display, storage, preparation or processing of food or drink. (ii) sterilizer (iii)uses water as a cooling or heating medium (iv) water operated device. (v) water treatment device. (vi) drain or overflow from water / cooling / heating system . (may drain to storm… not recommended)

14. TRAP Basics
(1) Every fixture shall be protected by a separate trap.
(2)Except one trap may serve 3 compartment sinks / laundry trays or 2 similar single in same room. (Continuous waste style connection)
4.9.3.(2) trap one size larger than fop
(3) Except one trap may serve groups of floor drains / shower drains / washing machines /or laboratory sinks in same room. (Local style connection)

15. Traps Solid P trap with /without clean plug Removable P trap
Minimum 38mm (1 ½ inch) water seal (greater permitted to resist pressure differentials)
Acid waste minimum 50mm (2 inch)
Illegal or restricted trap styles

16. Illegal / restricted traps

17. The THIRD rule VENT every* Trap and Drainage pipe
NPC (1) Every trap shall be vented except (3) 3”/18”floor drain, subsoil, or storm (4)
NPC (5) Every building drain shall be provided with at least one vent that is not less than 3 inches in size.
NPC (2) Drainage systems may require additional protection as provided in subsection and by the installation of individual, dual, wet, continuous, relief, additional circuit, circuit, branch, yoke, offset relief, (sump) vents or stack vents and vent stacks, vent header, or fresh air inlet
*Local drains and Indirect drains and branches serving one or two stories need not be vented

18. The THIRD rule continued Protecting the Trap by Venting Minimum
EVERY trap shall be protected with a vent pipe (1)
Except traps that are part of indirect clear water systems, storm drain, subsoil drain or a 3” or larger floor drain with a 18 inch or longer trap arm do not require a vent (3)/(4)
Size conform to table
located not less than two pipe diameters minimum horizontal distance between the trap weir and vent (1)(a)
2 diameters
135 degree change 225 degree for WC

19. The THIRD Rule continued Protecting the Trap by Venting Maximum
The trap weir may be a maximum horizontal distance from the vent so that the fall of the trap arm does not exceed the size of the trap arm pipe. (1/4 inch per foot grade, 1/50, 2%)
Maximum trap arm length is 5 feet (1.5m) for 1¼ inch pipe feet (1.8m) for 1 ½ inch pipe 8 feet (2.4m) for 2 inch pipe feet (3.6m) for 3 inch pipe from the trap weir to the point of vent (4) table
Fall equals pipe size
WC 3m horizontal 1m vertical

20. When in Doubt.. Individual or Dual Vent
Governed by statement and table (largest trap served)
Length and Load not considered for vent sizing
? What fitting?

21. Wet vents are plumb friendly (not as much now)
May Serve 2 WC connected to vertical via double sanitary tee (DblTY) or horizontal with double Y, downstream of “wetting” fixtures
Wetting fixtures MAX 2 inch / 2 fu (include separate vented)
May serve one or more stories
Maximum 4 fu total above 1st floor
Limited to One Horizontal offset 1.2m/2”+ 2.5/3”
ONE SIZE wet vent by table using wetting FU load
Continuous vent is a dry extension of the wet vent
Continuous vent load is only fixtures served ( )

22. Circuit Vent
Normally used for wc and minimum 2 inch traps.. smaller traps may drain into if separately vented or separately circuit vent
Horizontal Branch (2 inch for 1 ½ and 1 ¼ traps or 3 inch for 2” and larger traps) has trap arms separately and directly connected
Always requires a circuit vent upstream (maximum 2 1 ½ fu each dblty) and downstream relief vent (maximum 6fu any configuration)
Additional Circuit vent required if serving more than 9 fixtures or more than 45 direction change
EVERYTHING WETTING the circuit vented branch EXCEPT relief vent load is considered in sizing the CV and branch

24. BUILDING DRAIN
NPC (1) The size of every building drain and building sewer connected to a public sewer system downstream of the main cleanout shall not be less than 4 inches.
NPC (6) Every building drain shall be provided with a cleanout fitting that is located as close as practical to the place where the building drain leaves the building.
Building Drain means the lowest horizontal piping, including any vertical offset that conducts sewage, clear-water waste or storm water by gravity to a building sewer.
Sanitary Building Drain means a building drain that conducts sewage to a building sewer from the most upstream soil-or-waste stack, branch or fixture drain serving a water closet

27. The FOURTH Rule Protect the Water System
(1) the water distribution system shall be connected to a public water main (potable) or a potable private system. (except reclaimed water distribution)
(1) potable water systems shall be designed and installed so that non potable water or substances cannot enter the system
/3 Air gap, back-siphonage or back pressure devices
(1) No private water supply system shall be interconnected with a public system
Pressure and temperature relief
(1) Thermal expansion

28. Robert B Charney BSc magna cum laude Red River College (home page link) Piping Trades Department (home page link) J Notre Dame Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba R2M1R3 Office Hours 7 AM - 3 PM Monday thru Friday Phone (204)     Fax (204)