1. LANGUAGE OF NEWSPAPER REPORTING

2. Print Newspaper
A print newspaper provides an array of content—local stories, national and international reports, news analysis, editorials and opinion columns, photographs, sports scores, stock tables, TV listings, cartoons, and a variety of classified and display advertising.

3. PURPOSE
To inform generally by providing news and useful information.

4. Other Purposes Educate Entertain Advertise
Act as watchdog for the society.

5. Other Purposes cont’d Allow public to express views openly.
To reflect society.
To act as the government mouth piece.
To make a profit for the owners.

6. News Items
News items are divided into two:
i) Reports
ii) Articles

7. Mode & Tone Mode – Written/print Tone -
i) Report: Factual, Objective and neutral
ii) Article: Partially subjective/biased

8. Newspaper Reports: Factual - formal, neutral language Tone -objective
Begin with a ‘lead in- brief summary of news item. Answers 6 questions: Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?
Many paragraphs: one paragraph = one long sentence.
Structure - inverted pyramid structure i.e ranges from the most important information to least important information.

9. Newspaper Reports cont’d:
Headlines:
Bold print- eye-catching, capture interest & attention of readers
Clipped & shortened – important words emhasised , noun phrase with no verb e.g
Fiji Under Pressure from EEC
Use of 4 or nouns together -(Student Rep Backlashes Leader)
Articles (a, an & the)– dropped in headlines.
e.g. President to choose Diplomat

10. Newspaper Reports cont’d:
Time & Place- should be accurate and explicit
Source: refers to the point or place from which the reporter receives the original report.
(Journo to indicate the source to ascertain the originality of their information for clarity)
e.g. AFP- Agence- France Press, AAP- Australian Associated Press, Rueters- An international news agency, PA – Press Association

11. Newspaper Articles:
Mostly facts, but few opinions (journo priviledged to make biased and subjective comments)
Slightly informal language & tone
Use of favourable and unfavourable words
Use of sub-headings in longer articles e.g feature articles.
Use of pictures with a caption.

12. Common Features
Every report or article must have a headline – a short phrase, eye-catching, in bold print, often ambiguous.
Many paragraphs: one paragraph = one long sentence.
Frequent use of inverted commas (“ “) for; direct quotation, indirect quotation, highlighting or emphasising words if they are used in a new or technical way.

13. Common Features cont’d
Information written in inverted pyramid structure i.e ranges from the most important information to least important information.
Use of dashes to mark parallelism – for greater independence

14. Common Features cont’d
Variety of sentences from simple to complex.
Adverbials of time (when?), place,(where?) manner (how?)are common. Need to be explicit to ensure accurate reporting.
Choice of words- reflects journo’s attitude/bias towards subject/topic.

15. Common Features cont’d
A) Use simple words to avoid ambiguity and also for public appeal.
B) words or facts must be accurate and verified or newspaper maybe sued for libel.
Omission of personal pronouns in reports
Use of stock phrases common e.g. “ “according to….”, “he said….”

16. Technical Terms Flag- Name of newspaper
Dateline, Logo, Price, Logo
Byline- name of the journalist/reporter

17. Propaganda Techniques
Advertisers employ the following techniques to persuade the public to buy or pay for products or services being advertised:
Bandwagon -- the implication that "everybody else is doing it."

18. Plain folks -- the implication that "users of this product are just like you."

19. Card stacking -- distorting or omitting facts.

20. Name-calling -- stereotyping people or ideas.

21. Propaganda Techniques
Glittering generalities -- using "good" labels, such as patriotic, beautiful, exciting, that are unsupported by facts.
Testimonial -- an endorsement by a famous person.
Snob appeal -- the implication that only the richest, smartest, or most important people are doing it.
Transference -- the association of a respected person with a product or idea.

22. The end