1. Ch.1-2 Properties of Matter
Matter & Change
Ch.1-2
Properties of Matter

2. POINT > Define atoms, elements and compounds
POINT > Distinguish between extensive and intensive properties of a substance
POINT > Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of a substance
POINT > Characterize three states of matter
POINT > Define pure substances vs mixtures

3. POINT > Define atoms, elements and compounds
Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter
An atom cannot be broken down into smaller units without losing its chemical identity

4. POINT > Define atoms, elements and compounds
Atoms can differ from each other based on the number of protons, neutrons and electrons they have
The different types of neutral atoms are called elements:
carbon (C), hydrogen (H), gold (Au), oxygen (O), sulfur (S), sodium (Na), etc., are elements. All the elements are found in the Periodic Table
Different elements have different numbers of protons

5. POINT > Define atoms, elements and compounds
Compounds are substances made of atoms of two or more elements chemically bound to each other
Water (H2O), table salt (NaCl), glucose (C6H12O6) and methane (CH4) are examples of compounds
A compound can be broken down chemically into its constituent elements

6. WB CHECK:
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
What are atoms composed of?
What makes two elements different from each other?

7. POINT > Distinguish between extensive and intensive properties of a substance
Extensive properties depend on how much of the substance is present. For example:
Volume - how much space a substance occupies
Mass - how much matter is present in a substance

8. POINT > Distinguish between extensive and intensive properties of a substance
Intensive properties do not depend on how much of the substance is present. For example:
Boiling and/or melting point
Density (mass/volume)
Color
Hardness

9. WB CHECK:
Copper is ductile; it can be shaped into wire. Is this an extensive or intensive property?
A certain diamond weighs 10 carats. Is this an extensive or intensive property?

10. POINT > Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of a substance
A physical property can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition
This can include both extensive and intensive properties (hardness, color, boiling point, mass, etc)
Physical changes are those that do not alter the identity of the substance. For example:
cutting, grinding, melting, freezing, boiling

11. POINT > Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of a substance
A chemical property defines the ability of a substance to be transformed into another substance(s) in a chemical reaction
For example, iron can rust
Fe + O2  Fe2O3

12. POINT > Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of a substance
Chemical changes can be indicated by:
smoke, color change, odor change, bubbles (not boiling), formation of a new solid (not freezing), light emission

13. WB CHECK:
Propane freezes at -188◦C. Is this a physical or chemical property?
You burned your toast. Is this a physical or chemical change in the bread?

14. POINT > Characterize three states of matter
Solids have a definite shape and definite volume
Solids are not easily compressed

15. POINT > Characterize three states of matter
Liquids have a definite volume, but no definite shape. They change shape to fit the container
Liquids are not easily compressed

16. POINT > Characterize three states of matter
Gases have no definite shape or volume. Gases conform to the shape of the container and expand to fill the container
Gases are easily compressed

17. WB CHECK:
A substance has a definite volume, but no definite shape. Is this a solid, liquid or gas?
Which state(s) of matter cannot be easily compressed?

18. POINT > Characterize three states of matter
Substances can change state, for example:
melting: solid  liquid
freezing: liquid  solid
boiling: liquid  gas
condensing: gas  liquid
deposition: gas  solid
sublimation: solid  gas
These are physical changes, not chemical changes.
The identity of the substance is not changed!

19. POINT > Define atoms, elements and compounds
POINT > Distinguish between extensive and intensive properties of a substance
POINT > Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of a substance
POINT > Characterize three states of matter
POINT > Define pure substances vs mixtures

20. Homework: Formative Assessment (F.A.) #1-3 page 14 Pre-read Section 1.3 pp Return signed forms tomorrow!