1. The New Government

2. control of foreign affairs national defense (army, navy)
Division of Powers (federalism) – the Constitution divided power between the national government and state governments
The powers given to the national government are known as the delegated powers
control of foreign affairs
national defense (army, navy)
regulating interstate trade
coining money

3. The powers kept by the states are called the reserved powers
education
intrastate trade
marriage

4. right to establish courts
Some powers are shared by state governments and the federal government. (concurrent powers)
right to tax
right to borrow money
right to establish courts

5. Separation of Powers – The powers of the federal government separated into three branches with a system of Checks and Balances
Legislative – makes laws
Executive – enforces the law
 Judicial – interprets the laws

6. Electoral College
The Framers had two concerns with using a popular vote to choose a president.
1. They feared presidential elections would involve several regional candidates because there were no political parties and there were limited travel and communication technologies.
2. They feared the lower classes and wanted a “check” on their power

7. The Framers settled on using the Electoral College to elect the president.
Each state would receive a number of electors equal to their number of representatives and senators they had in Congress.
(New York has 29 electors)
Individuals would vote for electors in each state who would then vote for the President.
 Winner Take All – Whichever candidate wins a states popular vote takes all of that state’s electors. This makes it possible to win the popular vote and lose the election (Al Gore 2000)