1. AGRICULTURAL REVIEW

2. Where did the early agricultural hearths first appear?

3. The early agricultural hearths first appeared in the river valleys of Mesopotamia, Nile River Valley, Indus River Valley, and Huang He River Valley

4. Which agricultural revolution does this picture most likely depict? Why?

5. The 2nd Agricultural Revolution because it is showing how farming has become more mechanized.

6. Where did the first animals become domesticated (cattle, sheep, and goats)?

7. It is believe that first animals became domesticated in Northeastern Africa (Egypt) and the Middle East (Mesopotamia)

8. What does this graphic represent?

9. Von Thunen’s model.

10. Explain what occurred during the 3rd Agricultural Revolution

11. The 3rd Agricultural Revolution corresponds to the introduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to farming.

12. What are GMOs?
What are the pros and cons of the use of GMOs?

13. What are GMOs? Genetically Modified Organisms
What are the pros and cons of the use of GMOs?
Pros: more efficient farming, crops can be engineered to resist pests, drought, and disease
Cons: we aren’t 100% sure of unintended consequences

14. Compare and Contrast Subsistent Agriculture with Commercial Agriculture

15. Look at the chart I gave you
Subsistence: you are growing food for your own consumption; found in LDC’s
Commercial: you are growing food for the purpose of selling; found in MDC’s

16. What is the advantage of double and triple cropping?

17. With double and triple cropping, you can grow more food in a calendar year since you are harvesting more than once a year.

18. What would be examples of plantation crops?

19. Plantation crops are things that are typically grown in the tropics: pineapple, bananas, coffee beans, cocoa beans, mangos

20. What would be examples of Mediterranean crops?

21. Nuts, olives, grapes

22. What would be examples of truck crops?

23. Tomatoes, apples, peppers, squash, lettuce
Typically foods found at farmers markets

24. What is the current trend of farms in the United States?

25. The overall number of farms have declined over the last 50 years, but the average size of the farm has increased

26. Why is there a growing number of small farms turning to organic farming?

27. Organic farming gives small farmers a niche place in the market where they do not have to directly complete with larger, corporate farms.

28. What are examples of renewable resources?

29. Wind, solar, geothermal (energy)
Trees
Soil

30. What types of things were exchanged during the Columbian Exchange?

32. What occurred during the 1st agricultural revolution?

33. The first agricultural revolution was the transition from hunting gathering to a settled life. This is believed to have begun about 10,000 years ago.

34. What are suitcase farms?

35. Suitcase farms employ workers for short periods of time, typically during the picking season. The workers literally live out of their suitcases going from one farm to the next during this period of time.

36. Why is there a growing number of small farms turning to organic farming?

37. Allows small farms to be profitable
Some people are concerned with the unknown affects of hormones, antibiotics, and gmo’s introduced to animals and humans

38. What is meant by monoculture?

39. Monoculture typically means that a farm is focused on 1-2 cash crops to be sold, not consumed locally.

40. How do MDCs and LDCs differ in terms of agricultural activities?

41. LDCs tend to be more focused on forms of subsistence farming
MDCs tend to be more focused on forms of commercial farming

42. Why does the US produce so much corn?

43. Corn is heavily subsidized in the US
The US has a large cattle industry, corn is a cheap form of food for cattle farms