1. Convergent and Divergent Evolution

2. Convergent Evolution Organisms come from different ancestral lineages
Organisms have the same function, but not the same structure

3. Analogous Structures Convergent evolution has analogous structures.
Structures perform the same function, but have a different form.
Wings in birds and wings in insects

4. Divergent Evolution
Species that were once similar, but have now gone their separate ways
Organisms have structures that have the same evolutionary origin

5. Homologous Structure Divergent evolution has homologous structures
Structure are similar in arrangement and in function
Forelimb of human, cat, whale, and bat.

6. Vestigial Organs Also from divergent evolution
Little to no importance to the organism
Remnants of structures that used to serve important functions in organisms ancestors
Pelvis in whale

7. Cladograms Track traits through history
Show relationships between organisms