1. DNA Review

2. Griffith
Name the scientist that used a mixture of deadly heat-treated disease-causing bacteria and harmless bacteria in his experiments.

3. Contains rRNA and protein/Formed from 2 subunits, 1 large and 1 small.
Describe the make-up and structure of a ribosome.

4. No
Are viruses alive?

5. What is the monomer that makes up the polymer called DNA?
A nucleotide
What is the monomer that makes up the polymer called DNA?

6. What molecule is being represented below?
DNA
What molecule is being represented below?

7. Name the three parts of a nucleotide.
A phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base (A,T,C,G).
Name the three parts of a nucleotide.

8. Living in the intestines of mammals.
Where might you find E. coli bacteria?

9. In the supernatant (liquid) portion of the bacteria/virus mixture.
During their experiments, where did Hershey and Chase find the radioactive sulfur/protein?

10. Chargaff
Who was famous for discovering that the % of pyrimidines and purines were equal in DNA?

11. 15% thymine, 35% cytosine, 35%, guanine.
A sample of DNA contains 15% adenine. List the % of the other 3 nitrogenous bases.

12. List the two types of nucleic acids.
DNA and RNA
List the two types of nucleic acids.

13. What type of sugar is found in RNA?
Ribose
What type of sugar is found in RNA?

14. When DNA is replicated what is created? Describe the product(s).
Two identical DNA strands/Each containing 1 strand from the original parent molecule.
When DNA is replicated what is created? Describe the product(s).

15. GAATCG
A section of a template strand of DNA is CTTAGC, what is the sequence on the new stand?

16. The process of copying DNA is called?
Replication
The process of copying DNA is called?

17. By using a cell’s metabolism to make copies of itself.
How does a virus replicate?

18. Hydrogen bonds
In the diagram below, what type of bond is holding the 2 strands of DNA together?

19. RNA is a single strand and it contains uracil instead of thymine.
List the 2 main differences between RNA and DNA.

20. Franklin and Wilkins
Which two scientists were famous for their X-ray crystallography techniques?

21. DNA - mRNA - protein synthesis.
Briefly describe the steps in transcription and translation.

22. What molecule is produced during translation?
Protein
What molecule is produced during translation?

23. How many essential amino acids are there?20
How many essential amino acids are there?

24. A sequence of three nitrogenous bases along mRNA.
Describe a codon.

25. Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)
List the nitrogenous bases, and their symbols, found in DNA.

26. What molecule is produced during transcription?
mRNA
What molecule is produced during transcription?

27. List the part of the tRNA labeled “UAG” seen below.
Anticodon
List the part of the tRNA labeled “UAG” seen below.
Amino Acid
UAG

28. What special type of enzyme is used during transcription?
RNA polymerase
What special type of enzyme is used during transcription?

29. Who were the scientists that first determined the structure of DNA?
Watson and Crick
Who were the scientists that first determined the structure of DNA?

30. During RNA splicing what is removed from mRNA?
Introns
During RNA splicing what is removed from mRNA?

31. What type of sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What type of sugar is found in DNA?

32. Name the 3 types of RNA involved in protein synthesis.
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
Name the 3 types of RNA involved in protein synthesis.

33. Where might you find rRNA?
Inside the ribosome.
Where might you find rRNA?

34. UAG, UGA, UAA
List the 3 stop codons.

35. Thymine and Adenine
In the diagram below, which nitrogenous bases are held together by 2 hydrogen bonds?

36. Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)
List the nitrogenous bases, and their symbols, found in RNA.

37. How many different codons are there?64
How many different codons are there?

38. Hershey and Chase/DNA is the genetic material.
Which scientists used radioactive viruses in their experiment, and what did their experiments prove?

39. Name the first amino acid found in every protein.
Methionine.
Name the first amino acid found in every protein.

40. What is the 3-base sequence for the “start” codon.
AUG
What is the 3-base sequence for the “start” codon.

41. GAAUCG
A section of a template strand of DNA is CTTAGC, what is the sequence on the mRNA?

42. To carry amino acids to the ribosomes.
What is the job of tRNA?

43. mRNA
What type of RNA acts as a template for the amino acid sequence found in a protein?

44. 4 amino acids
How many amino acids could be coded for if you had a sequence of mRNA with 12 nitrogenous bases?

45. What special type of enzyme is used in DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
What special type of enzyme is used in DNA replication?

46. How many codons would it take to code for 6 amino acids?

47. Avery showed that bacteria are transformed by what nucleic acid?
DNA
Avery showed that bacteria are transformed by what nucleic acid?

48. Where does the process of translation take place?
In the ribosomes
Where does the process of translation take place?

49. During RNA splicing what part of mRNA is not removed?
Exons
During RNA splicing what part of mRNA is not removed?

50. Purines/Guanine & Adenine
In the diagram below, which nitrogenous bases are formed out of 2-ringed structures?