1. UNIT 3: The U.S.’s childhood and adolescent years.
1789 – U.S. Constitution goes
into effect: U.S. is born.

2. WHAT’S NEXT?
What lingering questions/issues will the new nation need to consider now?

3. What’s Next for the New Nation?1
Economy - What role should the government have in the economy? 2
Slavery or no slavery?
Who is an American citizen? 3 4
Does the Constitution create a working and effective government?

4. The first job of the President and Congress was to put a working government in place.
Congress passed laws to set up four departments for the executive branch:
Treasury 2) State ) War 4) Justice

5. The heads (people in charge) of these departments made up the President’s Cabinet. In 1789, George Washington appointed (chose):
Thomas Jefferson – Secretary of State
Alexander Hamilton – Secretary of Treasury
Henry Knox – Secretary of War
Edmund Randolph – Attorney General

6. Hamilton’s Plan: Pay off debt Create a national bank
Institute (put into effect) a protective tariff

7. Does the Constitution give the national government the power to establish a bank?
According to Article I, Section 8, Congress has the power to:
Clause 1: To lay and collect taxes to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States.
Clause 2: To borrow money on the credit of the United States.
Clause 3: To control trade with other nations and among the states
Clause 5: To coin money
*Clause 18: to make all laws that are “necessary and proper”
this clause becomes known as the elastic clause

8. Thomas Jefferson (Secretary of State) did not like Alexander Hamilton’s economic plan.

9. A Difference in Opinion
Thomas
Jefferson
vs.
Alexander
Hamilton
“Laissez-faire” (let-alone)
Minimal government intervention
Emphasis on agriculture
Economic views
Maximum Government Involvement
Emphasis on manufacturing and trade
Differences btwn these two men led to the first political parties!

10. Political parties played a key role in all subsequent presidential elections and revealed that the nation was more divided than united.

11. JOHN ADAMS THOMAS JEFFERSON
Born outside of the U.S., Hamilton could not run for the office of the President. Jefferson, born in Virginia, could.
He lost, however, to Washington’s Vice President, John Adams.
2ND President of the U.S nd Vice President of the U.S.
JOHN ADAMS
THOMAS JEFFERSON

12. Four years later…
In 1800, Thomas Jefferson becomes the 3rd U.S. President.

13. This is what the United States looked like when Thomas Jefferson became President. Take a look at the land immediately west of the Mississippi River. This large piece of land was owned or controlled by the French (Colony of Louisiana).

14. Why would the U.S. want to have this land?
When I say Louisiana Purchase, you say Mississippi River!

15. Napoleon was considering building an empire in North America…
But then…
Toussaint L’Overture led a slave rebellion in the French colony of Haiti.

16. Where is Haiti? Not that far from present-day Florida.

17. Jefferson decided to try to buy the city of New Orleans from Napoleon
Jefferson decided to try to buy the city of New Orleans from Napoleon. Jefferson sent Robert Livingston and James Monroe – they came back not only having purchased New Orleans but the entire Louisiana territory. This becomes known as the Louisiana Purchase.

18. LAND MARKET REVOLUTION!!
What effect did the Louisiana Purchase have on the U.S. economy?
Natural resources
More space for growing crops
People can live there and in time become a new state.
More jobs = more wealth
LAND
Louisiana
Purchase = =
MARKET
REVOLUTION!!

19. Unit 3: Freedom During the Market Revolution (1815-1840)
This is a market = the buying/selling/trading of goods and services between people
1815
Clothing
Bread
80 miles to next village
Milk

20. Unit 3: Freedom During the Market Revolution (1815-1840)
Revolution = a radical (very big) and pervasive (happening a lot) change.

21. Pictures Can Tell A Story Assignment
Aim: To identify the economic changes that occurred during the “market revolution” and evaluate their impact on freedom in America.
Pictures Can Tell A Story Assignment