1. Lecture Quiz 5 Jeopardy
Stuff

2. $200 $400 $600 $800 Vitality Chronicles
Accommodation to Thermal Readings
Transformation to Inferno
Vitality Chronicles
Populace Arrangement and Affluence
Populace Fluctuations
$200
$400
$600
$800

3. Define Counter-Current Heat exchange and provide one example of it in an organism

4. Two pathways run anti-parallel to each other in close proximity, allowing for an exchange of heat, nutrients, etc. between the two Reduce water loss, reduce heat loss, cools down the brain, etc.

5. Define Allen’s Rule

6. Extremities will be larger on organisms in hotter areas

8. TN zone is the temperature range in which metabolic rate of an organism will stay the same. Below the lower critical temperature, the animal has to spend much energy to produce heat. Above the upper critical temperature, metabolic rate goes up because it costs energy to get rid of heat. The more insulated an organism is, the lower the rate of increase of metabolic rate will be

9. Provide 3 adaptations to heat (behavioral, morphological, or physiological) for both a kangaroo rat and a camel

10. Kangaroo rat: Does not drink liquid water, produces dry feces, counter-current heat exchange in the nose reduces evaporation Camel: Counter-current multiplier in kidney, large body mass, fat storage, fur insulation, CCHE in the nose, sweating

11. List the 3 factors that affect fire occurrence

12. Ignition, Fuel, and Weather

13. List and define the 4 types of fires that occur

14. Surface Fires: Fire below the canopy burning only the surface vegetation Crown Fires: Fire reaching the canopy burning everything in its path Head Fires: Fires moving with the wind Back Fires: Fires moving against the wind

15. Provide 3 reasons for more frequent massive, violent fires in America

16. Increase in fuel abundance Loss of mosaic pattern of vegetation Hot, dry weather Overgrazing

17. List an adaptation to fire for each, Lodgepole Pine, Longleaf pine, Grasslands, and Redwoods

18. Lodgepole Pines: Serotinous Cones Longleaf Pine: Protected meristem in early ages, grows rapidly out of the danger zone Grasslands: Underground meristem Redwoods: Thick fire-resistant bark

19. Define the terms Iteroparous and Semelparous

20. Iteroparous: An organism that will reproduce more than once during its life cycle Semelparous: An organism that will only reproduce once in its life cycle

21. Define the Principle of Allocation

22. If organisms use energy for one function such as growth, the amount of energy available for other functions is reduced

23. Compare and Contrast 4 different aspects of the life histories of both r-selected, and k-selected individuals

25. Define the environments that classify Ruderals, Stress-tolerant plants, and Competitive plants

26. Ruderals: Low Stress, High Disturbance Stress-tolerant: High Stress, Low Disturbance Competitive: Low Stress, Low Disturbance

27. Define the terms Genet, Ramet, and Clone

28. Genet: Products of a single fertilization Ramet: Independent members of a genet Clone: Genetically identical copies

29. List the 3 types of distribution and define what processes cause them

30. Regular: High competition of limited resources (Negative interactions) Random: Neutral interactions, each individual has the same chance of survival anywhere Clumped: Resources limited to certain areas (Positive interactions)

31. Explain the process of niche modeling and how it’s used to estimate abundances and distribution

32. Niche modeling examines the suitable habitat (ecological niche) of a given organism, and compares that niche to other areas to determine whether that organism would survive/thrive elsewhere

33. Give one example how both biotic and abiotic factors affect the distribution of a population

34. Organisms, like the Semibalanus balanoides barnacle, can only survive in climates to which they are adapted, but even if the abiotic factors are tolerable, biotic factors such as predators may limit where the barnacle can survive

35. Define the terms Survivorship and Fecundity

36. Survivorship: the percentage of individuals that will survive to the next time period Fecundity: the number of newborns those survivors will produce in the next time period

37. Define and give an example of an organism that experiences each type of survivorship curve

38. Type I: Majority of mortality occurs among older individuals (ex
Type I: Majority of mortality occurs among older individuals (ex. Dall Sheep) Type II: Constant rate of survival throughout lifetime (American Robins) Type III: High mortality among young, followed by high survivorship (Sea turtles)

40. Populations with more younger individuals than older individuals will experience rapid growth and vis versa

41. Define each of these variables and explain what their definitions mean: Ro, x, lx, Mx, T

42. Ro. =. Net reproductive rate x. =. Age interval in years lx. =. % pop
Ro = Net reproductive rate x = Age interval in years lx = % pop. surviving to each age (x) Mx = Average number eggs produced by each individual in each age category T = Average Generation Time r = Per Capita Rate of Increase