1. microscopic “organ – like” structures that help the cell to function
Cell Organelles
microscopic “organ – like” structures that help the cell to function

2. Two types of cells
Prokaryotic: cells without a nucleus; such as Bacteria

3. Eukaryotic: cells with a nucleus; such as animal cells and plant cells

4. Cell Membrane found in all cells The outer “skin”
Made of fats and proteins
is semi-permeable (has holes in it )
FUNCTIONS:
Allows for passage of materials in and out of the cell
Used for cell communication and identification

5. Cell Wall a tough outer coat
found in ONLY plant cells & some bacteria cells
FUNCTIONS :
Adds extra protection
and support to plant cells

6. Cytoplasm Found in all cells The watery medium inside the cell
Made of mostly water
FUNCTIONS :
Holds up / supports the organelles
Stores energy

7. Cytoskeleton Found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The cytoskeleton helps to support the cell and maintain its shape
It is made up of microtubules and microfilaments.

8. Nucleus
found in all EUKARYOTIC cells (plants, animals, fungi and protists)
Largest organelle
FUNCTIONS :
Has DNA inside
Is the “control” center of the cell
Bacteria cells do not have one = PROKARYOTES

9. Nucleolous found inside the nucleus FUNCTIONS : Has RNA inside
Gives instructions for the making of protein

10. Nuclear Membrane the porous “skin” around the nucleus FUNCTIONS :
Allows things to enter and leave the nucleus

11. Ribosomes smallest cell organelle found in ALL cells
small round “specks”
FUNCTIONS :
where proteins are
manufactured

12. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Membrane bound tubules and sacs that are covered with ribosomes.
Transports proteins to Golgi apparatus and other things around cytoplasm.

13. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Does not have ribosomes attached.
Lipids are made here and attached to proteins.
Things leaving the smooth ER are transported in vesicles.

14. Golgi Bodies (or Golgi Apparatus)
looks like a stack of pancakes (with syrup)
FUNCTIONS :
to make vesicles to ship molecules around cell.
“packages” things for the cell

15. Mitochondria large “peanut” shaped organelle
has folded membranes inside
nicknamed the “powerhouse” of the cell
FUNCTIONS :
a factory where ENERGY is made

16. Chloroplasts green football-shaped organelles
found ONLY in plant and some protists cells
green football-shaped organelles
FUNCTIONS :
to make food for plant cells
through the process of photosynthesis

17. Lysosomes nicknamed “suicide packets” has digestive acids inside
has a double lined membrane
FUNCTIONS :
helps the cell to digest food
***can burst and kill itself ***

18. Vacuoles small storage units in all cells
large water vacuole in plant cells called “central vacuole”
FUNCTIONS :
Stores material for the cell including water and nutrients

19. Centrioles Only found in animal cells “bundles of sticks” FUNCTIONS :
helps the cell with reproduction

20. Cilia and Flagella Found in prokaryote and eukaryote cells.
Made of microtubules and help different cells move.
Cilia and flagella differ in their beating patterns