1. History of the Cell History of the Cell
Anton von Leeuwenhoek (in Holland)
Mid 1600’s
Used single lens microscope to look at water, and noticed tiny “animalcules” in it!
Robert Hooke (in England)
Looked at cork (from the bark of an oak tree) under a compound microscope.
Magnified cork looked like tons of tiny chambers. Called them cells.

2. History of the Cell Matthias Schleiden
1838 – concluded all plants were made of cells
Theodor Schwann
1839 – stated all animals were made of cells
Rudolf Virchow
1855 – new cells can only be produced
from existing cells

3. Cell Theory Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
New cells are produced from existing cells.

4. 4.6

5. Bound by a plasma/cell membrane
Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Genetic material not in a nucleus
All Cells
Genetic material contained in a nucleus.
Bound by a plasma/cell membrane
Generally larger and more complex
Generally smaller & simpler
Have DNA
Contain dozens of specialized structures
Have ribosomes
Ex/ bacteria
Ex/ plant and animal

6. Prokaryotic Cells

10. Eukaryotic Cells

16. Cell Organelle
Structure
Function
Cell/Plasma Membrane
Regulates what goes in and out of the cell
Brain of cell
Nuclear envelope
Nucleoplasm
Controls all activities
Nucleolus
RNA
Chromosomes
Strings of DNA inside the nucleus

17. Cell Organelle
Structure
Function
Cytoplasm
Holds all the organelles and allows for movement
Peanut – shaped
Folded layers on the inside
Powerhouse of cell; make energy (respiration)
Vacuoles
Saclike structures
Bubble of digestive enzymes
Dispose of waste and other worn-out organelles

18. Cell Organelle
Structure
Function
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Network of tubes
Can be rough or smooth
Tiny round structures
Found on ER and in cytoplasm
Produce proteins
Golgi apparatus
Modify and package cellular materials
Microtubules and microfilaments
Support the cell

19. Cell Organelle
Structure
Function
Centrioles
Flagella/cilia
Only in animal cells
Tail or hair-like projections
Movement of the cell
Plastids
(chloroplasts)
Hold pigment and carry out photosynthesis
Only in plants
Made of cellulose
Rigidity (wood)

23. Cell Analogy Poster
A major part of this unit is learning the parts of the cell and their functions. In this project you will demonstrate understanding of the cell by making an analogy of the cell, taking each organelle and function into consideration.
Instructions:
You will work in groups of 3.
You will display your project as a poster.
Your poster must have drawings for your scenario which show your analogy, and a written explanation for each organelle.
You MUST include 10 organelles.

24. Cell Analogy Poster Grading: 30 points
10 points for your IDEA. It will be judged on creativeness, originality thoughtfulness.
10 points for your poster. Poster must include correct analogies for structure/function of cell organelles.
10 points for presentation.

25. October 14th Warm-up Quick review of cell structures.
20 minutes to finish cell analogy posters.
We will begin poster presentations afterwards!
Objectives 
Finish cell analogy poster presentations.
Observe cell specimens under the microscope.
Homework 
Honors : Cell History, Structure and Function Test Friday.

26. Cell Theory Lab You will be observing:
Cork Cells  Just like Robert Hooke!
Animal Cells
Cheek Cells
Plant Cells
Onion
Elodea
Potato
Tomato
Beet

27. How to Make a Wet Mount Slide

28. The Toweling method
Drop of stain (iodine)
Paper towel square

29. Cell Theory Lab You will be observing:
Cork Cells  Just like Robert Hooke!
Animal Cells
Cheek Cells
Plant Cells
Onion
Elodea
Potato
Tomato
Beet

30. Continue Cell Theory Lab

33. Cork cells Are the cells similar in shape? Are they similar in size?
Do the cells appear to have contents?
Explain?
Are their open spaces between the cells?

34. Epithelial cells What is the outer most layer called?
Compare it with the cell wall in plants.
Does the cell have a definite shape?
If so, what is its shape?
Is a central vacuole present?
Can you see the cytoplasm?

35. Epithelial cells
Plasma membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

36. Onion Cell

37. Elodea (Anacharis)

38. Potato Cell

39. Tomato

40. Beet

41. Organization of Life

42. Tissues of Life online activity.
Organization of Life
Tissues of Life online activity.