1. Nationalisms
Imagined Identities

2. Nationalisms
England
T or F?? “National self-consciousness equals a desire for national states and you can’t have that with a monarchy”.

3. Imagined communities Language* Symbolism “Citizenship”
Nationalisms
Imagined communities
Language*
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
“Codification” of language
Ukraine; 1819, Cz/D; , Nor; 1848
The elite
Identification of those who do not speak the language of the elite
Whenever you hear “Greater ___________” look out!
Symbolism
Flags
National “anthems” and nationalistic songs
“Citizenship”
An outgrowth of the French Revolution (blood or codified?)
Industrial infrastructural expansion (economic and military)
Legal status granted to a member of a community wherein a commonality based on cultural heritage is shared.

4. Nationalisms
Counter-Examples
During the French Revolution half the population of France does not speak French.
Regional dialects
At the time of Italian unification about 5% of the entire population spoke what is now considered Italian.
The boot and Sicily; Latin dialects
Switzerland
Language
French-speakers ~ 22%
German ~ 71%
Italian ~ 5%
Romansch
Decentralization as an identity
To go Swiss
1891:
Lack of economic disparities

5. Fifteen major nationalities
Nationalisms
Counter-Examples: The Austrian Hungarian Empire
Fifteen major nationalities
Dual Monarchy 1867
How did it last so long?
1. Language of the Empire
2. The middle class
3. Dynastic loyalty
Catholicsm
4. The Army

6. Lithuania: national ID begins very late
Nationalisms
Lithuania: national ID begins very late
Part of the Polish commonwealth until 1795
They consider themselves Polish
They speak Polish
They have Polish heroes
Who still speaks Lithuanian?

7. Nationalisms

8. Nationalisms