1. Contraceptives

2. Anonymous Survey Results
Have you made a decision to not have sex during your years in high school or longer?
Yes- 28%
No- 52%
Still deciding- 20%
Have you set your sexual limits?
Yes- 43%
No- 16%
Not yet- 41%
How important do you think abstinence is?
Very important- 20%
Sort of important- 41%
Not that important- 39%

3. Categories
Hormonal: IUD, Shot, Implant, Pill, Patch, Ring, Emergency Contraception
Barrier: Male and Female condom, Diaphragm
Other: Abstinence, Spermicides, Copper IUD
Permanent Methods: Vasectomy, Tubal Ligation, Essure

4. How They Work Barrier: Blocks the sperm from meeting the egg.
Hormonal: Thickens cervical mucus, Thins uterine lining, Stops ovulation (egg release)
Other: No contact= no chance of pregnancy or STI or Kills sperm
Permanent: Blocks sperm from joining semen or egg from being released from ovary

5. Abstinence Choosing not to have sex.
Only 100% effective method in preventing unintended pregnancies (and STIs, depending on your definition of abstinence).

6. Permanent Contraceptive Methods
Vasectomy: A health care provider closes or blocs the tubes that carry sperm so that sperm will not be ejaculated.
After ejaculations, sperm should no longer be in the ejaculatory fluid.
99.9% effective.

7. Permanent Contraceptive Methods
Essure: Non-surgical operation where two very small coil- like devices are inserted into the fallopian tubes.
Within three months tissue grows around the coils and blocks the fallopian tubes.
99.8% effective

8. Permanent Contraceptive Methods
Tubal Ligation: AKA “getting your tubes tied”, this method permanently blocks your fallopian tubes.
99.5% effective immediately after the operation.

9. Intrauterine Device (IUD)
IUDs are a flexible object inserted into the uterus, it has a nylon thread that extends through the cervix for removal and so the woman can check to be sure it is still in place
IUDs are always in place and do not interfere with sex
Can prevent pregnancy for 5-12 years (5 for hormonal, 12 for copper) with 99.9% effectiveness.
Hormonal: thicken cervical mucus
Copper: Natural spermicide

10. IUDs

11. Implant
Small, soft, plastic rod containing progestin that is placed under the skin of the upper arm by a health care provider.
Hormonal method that is 99.9% effective for up to three years.

12. Birth Control Shot
Hormonal birth control shot (Depo-Provera) given once every three months to prevent pregnancy.
97% effective.

13. Birth Control Pills
Many varieties with different hormonal combinations of estrogen and/or progestin.
The pill must be taken at the same time every day for the full effectiveness rate (92%).

14. Birth Control Ring
Small, flexible ring inserted into the vagina once a month. The ring is removed after three weeks for one week to allow for a period.
The ring is 92% effective and does not interfere with intercourse.

15. Birth Control Patch
Two inch square, beige, transdermal contraceptive patch worn on the upper arm, buttocks, or pelvis.
The patch is replaced once per week for three weeks then removed for one week to allow for a period.
The patch is 92% effective.

16. Male Condoms
A condom is placed over the penis before having sex, and should fit the entire shaft of the penis with a reservoir tip at the end to collect semen.
A water-soluble lubricant such as K-Y Jelly or Astroglide can help effectiveness and comfort. Oil-based lubricants like baby oil should not be used and weaken latex causing tearing.
When used properly, condoms are 86% effective.

17. Female Condoms
A pouch-like condom is inserted into the vagina and held in place by a small flexible ring prior to intercourse.
A larger ring sits outside the labia and the penis is inserted inside the condom.
86% effective.

18. Diaphragm
Small cup-like device placed inside the vagina prior to intercourse to block cervix.
Must be used with spermicide.
After ejaculation, the diaphragm is left in place for 6 hours, then removed and washed to be used again.
The diaphragm is 84% effective.

19. Emergency Contraception
EC is available for women who have had unprotected sex or experienced a contraceptive failure or were sexually assaulted and want to prevent a pregnancy.
EC does not harm an established pregnancy, nor will it cause an abortion.
EC works by preventing the release of an egg from the ovaries or preventing its implantation in the uterus.

20. Types of Emergency Contraception
Ella is a pill that can be taken up to 5 days after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy.
75-89% effective.
Next Choice is a pill that can be taken up to 3 days after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy.
Copper IUD: Can be used within 5 days after unprotected sex.
99% effective.

21. Spermicide
Contraceptive cream, jelly, film, foam, or suppositories, spermicides are available over-the-counter at most pharmacies and convenience stores.
Spermicides are 71% effective when used alone and are much more effective when combined with a barrier method like condoms (98.5%)

22. Choosing A Method If you…
Want the best pregnancy protection with the least amount of hassle? IUD, Implant
Want to “skip” your periods? Hormonal IUD, Implant, Shot, Pills, or Ring
Have endometriosis? Hormonal IUD
Have migraines? IUD, Implant, or Shot
Want pregnancy and STI protection? Combine a barrier method with a hormonal method and also use spermicide