1. Chapter 11 - Cardiovascular System

2. Functions of Circulatory System
Cardi/o, coron/o
Pumps the blood
Cardi/o/my/o/pathy
Cardiologist
Coronary arteries

3. Functions of Circulatory System
Angi/o, arter/o, arteri/o, phleb/o, ven/o, vas/o, vascul/o
Carry the blood
Angioplasty
Arteriosclerosis
Endarterectomy
Phlebotomy
Venipuncture
Vasodilation
Vascular

4. Functions of Circulatory System
Hem/o, hemat/o
Blood carries nutrients and oxygen
Thromb/o – clot
Thrombolysis
Thrombophlebitis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Embolus

5. Layers of the Heart Endo/cardi/um My/o/cardi/um Peri/cardi/um
endocarditis
My/o/cardi/um
Peri/cardi/um
pericardi/o
pericarditis
pericardiocentesis

6. Chambers Atri/o, ventricul/o Atrioventricular node Partition is septum
Interventricular septum
ASD – page 416
VSD - page 416

7. Valves
Valv/o, valvul/o
valvuloplasty
MVP

9. Circulation Systemic Pulmonary vein Left atrium Mitral valve
Left ventricle
Aortic valve
Aorta
BODY
Vena cava
R. lung
L. lung

10. Coronary Arteries

11. Circulation Pulmonary Vena cava -Pulmonary valve
Right atrium -Pulmonary artery
Tricuspid valve -LUNGS
Right ventricle -Pulmonary vein

12. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), pg 402
The heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood.
Left side: blood backs up in lungs, pulmonary edema.
Right side: blood backs up in vena cava, swollen legs and neck.

13. Heart sounds, heart beat

14. Heart sounds, heart beat
Systole
Ventricles contract
Pulmonary & aortic valves open
End of systole
Pulmonary & aortic valves close = DUB
Diastole
Atria & ventricles relaxed
Tricuspid & mitral valves open
End of diastole
Atria contract
Tricuspid & mitral valves close = LUB

15. SA node = pacemaker of the heart
AV node
Bundle of His
Left bundle branch
Right bundle branch
Pathology
Heart block
Fibrillation
Common, associated with stroke

16. Conduction System
ECG, EKG
NSR
tachycardia
bradycardia

17. Sphygmomanometer Blood pressure Brachial artery compressed
Systolic is higher
Diastolic is lower
Expressed as fraction such as 120/80
Hypertension

18. Ven/o →HEART →Arteri/o
Largest vein= vena cava
Largest artery= aort/o
heartaortaarteryarteriolecapillary
venuleveinvena cavaheart
Veins have valves to prevent backflow
Arteries have thicker walls, under more pressure from the pump

19. Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Atherosclerosis
Ischemia
Necrosis

20. Coronary artery disease (CAD)

21. Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography

22. Coronary artery disease: Diagnosis and treatment
CAD, cath, PCI, CABG

23. Aneurysm – page 421

24. Last two diseases Deep vein thrombosis Peripheral vascular disease
Remember the study section on page 424

25. Endarterectomy

26. Abbreviations
ASD AV
CABG
CAD
Cath
CHF
ECG, EKG
HTN MI
MVP
NSR
PCI
VSD

27. Chapter 12
Respiratory System

28. Breathing -pnea Spir/o Dyspnea (PND & DOE) Apnea Orthopnea Hyperpnea
Tachypnea
Spir/o
Spirometer
Respiration
URI

29. Take a deep breath! Nas/o, rhin/o Nasolabial Rhinorrhagia, epistaxis
Rhinorrhea
Anosmia
Sinus/o
Pansinusitis

30. The throat: pharyng/o Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx
Pharyngeal tonsils AKA adenoids
Adenoidectomy
Nasopharyngitis
Oropharynx
Palatine tonsils AKA tonsils
Tonsillectomy
Laryngopharynx
Two branches: larynx & esophagus

31. Epiglottis

32. Laryng/o: voice box
laryngoscopy
laryngitis
dysphonia
Trache/o: windpipe
furc/o: bifurcation
tracheostomy
Pertussis: whooping cough
Bronch/o, bronchi/o
asthma (MDI)
bronchiectasis
chronic bronchitis (COPD)
bronchoscopy

33. Bronchioles and Alveoli
Bronchiol/o
Bronchiolitis
Alveol/o
Air exchange occurs here
Alveolar: air sacs
Atelectasis
Emphysema (COPD)

34. Lungs Pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o, pulmon/o Pneumoconiosis
Anthracosis
Asbestosis
Silicosis
Pneumonia
Community acquired
Nosocomial
Pulmonary edema (CHF)
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary infarction
Pneumothorax
Pneumonectomy
Pulmonary function tests (PFT)

35. Lungs, Lobes Lungs Lob/o Apex Base Hilum Pneumonectomy 3 right, 2 left
Lobectomy, pg 465

36. Pleura Two layers: Pleurodynia Pleurisy Pleural effusion
Visceral pleura
Parietal pleura
Pleurodynia
Pleurisy
Pleural effusion
Thoracentesis –
page 480

37. Mediastinum
Area between the lungs
Mediastin/o
Mediastinoscopy

38. Chest Thorac/o -thorax CXR = chest x-ray Thoracentesis Thoracotomy
Thorascopy
-thorax
Pneumothorax
Hemothorax
Pyothorax = empyema
CXR = chest x-ray

39. Diaphragm (phren/o)

40. Auscultation and Percussion (CTA)

41. Know ALL word parts! Also, study section page 476 Abbreviations: COPD
CTA
CXR
DOE
MDI
PFT
PND
SOB
URI