1. Woodworking Hardware
Ag Mech I
Standard 6:4-5

2. Identifying Hardware
We will look at various sizes fasteners and hardware used in ag construction
Discuss what application they work best in and select the best ones for the job

3. Nails Nails are fasteners that are driven into the material it holds
There are many kinds of nails and are usually classified by their use and form
When selecting a nail the diameter and length are the two most common factors to consider
The unit of measure designated for a nail is called a penny it is represented by the letter d
The term penny was originally used to indicated the number of English pennies needed to purchase 100 nails of a given size

4. Penny nail size chart

5. Different kinds of nails
Common Nail- used for general construction, fences, etc

6. Cut Nail
Used for nailing tongue and groove flooring, if hardened used in masonry

7. Box nail
Used for light household construction, siding

8. Finishing nail
Used for interior finishing of buildings, trim, cabinets, furniture and where countersinking is needed

9. Shingle nail
Used for nailing wood and shingles

10. Roofing Nail
Used for nailing rolled roofing and composition shingles

11. Plasterboard Nail
Used to attach plasterboard to studs in buildings

12. Hinge Nail
Used to fasten hinges on doors and cabinets

13. Duplex nail
Used for construction of forms for concrete work and nailing insulators on wooded post

14. Wire staple
Used in wire fence construction

15. Lead-head nail
Used for nailing galvanized steel roofing and siding

16. screws Use threads to wrap around the material it is in
Classified according to the material they hold
Wood- wood
Sheet metal-thin metal
Cap screws-thread into thick metal that has threads cut into it
Lag Screws (bolts)-structural timbers or wall anchors
Brass screws (prevent rust)

17. Wood screw

18. Sheet metal screws

19. Cap Screws

20. Lag Bolts

21. Brass Screws

22. Heads of screws
There are 7 different heads for screws

23. Flat head screw

24. Round head screw

25. Oval head

26. Pan head

27. Phillips head

28. Square Head Lag

29. Torx Head

30. Bolts Bolts come in may shapes sizes and functions
Bolts come in American sizes (fractions) 1/16, 1/8, ¼ etc. or metric sizes (millimeter) 6mm, 7mm and so on
American sizes also have 2 different thread types
Coarse (UNC) or Fine (UNF)
Metric has 3 different thread coarse, medium and fine.

31. Machine bolts
Machine bolts- bolt with a square or hex head with threads on the last 1” or more of the shank

32. Cap Screw Looks like a machine bolt with the following exceptions
Usually threaded the entire length, generally 2” or shorter in length, may have a special head requiring an allen wrench

33. Carriage Bolt
Has a round head over square shoulders and is used with wood
The shoulders are drawn onto the wood to prevent the bolt from turning

34. Stove Bolt Rounded head bolt with a straight screwdriver slot
Threaded the entire length normally come with a square nut

35. Plow Bolt Square tapered head
When placed in a hole designed for a plow bolt the head is flush with the surface
Used on tillage equipment

36. J Bolt Designed to hook and anchor
Truck toolboxes use these as an example

37. Eye bolt
Used for tie downs so devices can use clips to quick connect and disconnect

38. turnbuckle
Used to tighten or loosen cables used as supports

39. Nuts
Device with a threaded hole and are the moveable part

40. Square nut

41. Wing nut Used for easy on and off applications.
Marine batteries use these so when your done you can disconnect the battery

42. Castle Nut Used on axles
Tighten nut down the slide cotter pin through hole in axel to prevent nut from backing off

43. Jam nut
Thinner nut put on top of other nut to prevent from loosening

44. Locking nut (nylon)
Nut with nylon ring inside to prevent nut from loosing

45. Locking nut (steel)
Teel locking nut is oval in shape to prevent nut from loosening