1. OBJECTIVES 1. Present perfect simple and continuous 2. Compound nouns
3. Activity at home page 43

3. HAS or
HAVE
verb in
-ING
BEEN + +

4. USES:
1) To talk about an ACTION in progress that started in the past, but is still happening.
We’ve been waiting for the bus for twenty minutes

5. *It has been raining for two weeks.
(It began raining two weeks ago.)
(It is STILL raining now.)

6. 2) Repeated actions started in the past up to now (not an action in progress...)
Anna has been playing the piano since she was four 6

7. 3) An action which ends just before the present
I’ve been swimming! 7

8. KEY WORDS FOR & SINCE (with action verbs)
They’ve been going out for a year / since last year 8

9. KEY WORDS
HOW LONG (in questions)
How long has she been crying? 9

10. KEY WORDS LATELY, RECENTLY (in the last few days or weeks)
We have been working out lately 10

11. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Emphasis on
RESULT
Stative verbs
How many/ how
much
ACTIVITY
Action verbs
How long

12. EMPHASIS ON RESULT/ ACTIVITY
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
Emphasis on activity
He’s been repairing the car
Emphasis on result
He’s repaired the car

13. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
STATIVE/ ACTION VERBS
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
I’ve known Ann for ages
She’s been running for 45 minutes

14. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
HOW MANY, MUCH /HOW LONG
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
How much/many
I’ve ironed 26 shirts
How long
I’ve been ironing since 10 o’clock

15. LIVE & WORK
Live & work can be continuous or simple, with no difference in meaning
We’ve been living in Vélez since 1992.
We’ve lived in Vélez since 1992
I’ve worked for this company for 5 years
I’ve been working for this company for 5 years

16. exercise 1 exercise 2 exercise 3 exercise 4 exercise 5
exercise 1
exercise 2
exercise 3
exercise 4
exercise 5

17. WHAT TYPE / WHAT PURPOSE
COMPOUND NOUNS
Formation
Words can be combined to form compound nouns. These are very common, and new combinations are invented almost daily. They normally have two parts. The second part identifies the object or person in question (man, friend, tank, table, room). The first part tells us what kind of object or person it is, or what its purpose is (police, boy, water, dining, bed):
WHAT TYPE / WHAT PURPOSE
WHAT OR WHO
police
man
boy
friend
water
tank
dining
table
bed
room

18. SUN PACK
CAMP THING
BACK FLOWER
BASE BOARD
SUN MINT
HORSE SHINE
SKATE PRINTS
BUTTER MELON
SOME BERRY
PEPPER BALL
FOOT FIRE
WATER BURGER
CHEESE BACK
BLUE FLY
Vocabulary : Compound words – English

19. What are adjectives? Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns
These words are all adjectives
A hot day
A happy camper
A silly twit
A big, bloody mess (both “big” and “bloody” modify “mess”)
She is creative (“creative” is a subject complement that follows the linking verb “is”)
A boring course (present participle used as an adjective

20. So what are adverbs?
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs
Many adverbs end with ly
Many adverbs answer the question “How?”
These are adverbs
Eating quickly (modifying a verb)
Trying very hard (modifying an adverb)
A really big show (modifying an adjective)

21. Recognizing Adjectives & Adverbs
Many words have both an adjective and adverb form
Adjective
Adverb
Happy kids
Playing happily
Smooth rock
Running smoothly
Good night
Eating Well
Efficient workers
Working efficiently
Casual dress
Dressing casually
Quick meeting
Talking quickly
hopeful children
Waiting hopefully
Real butter
Really hot

22. Adverbs describe verbs. They tell how an action takes place.
English adverbs ending in “ly” usually correspond to Spanish adverbs ending in “mente”.
Lentamente
Slowly

23. Explore this link you’ll find all kind of activities